Pytka Dorota, Czarkowska-Paczek Bozena
Department of Clinical Nursing, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra. 2020 Nov 16;10(3):163-171. doi: 10.1159/000509543. eCollection 2020 Sep-Dec.
Assessing cognitive function could help to provide appropriate care for nursing home residents. The aim of the study was to identify the factors affecting cognitive function in nursing home residents in Poland and assess how it influenced the mortality rate during a 3-year observational period.
This study included 202 elderly individuals from a nursing home in 2015. The investigation included examination of cognitive function using the MMSE and bioelectrical impedance analysis. Collected data included sex, age, blood pressure (BP), heart rate, number of comorbidities, years spent in the nursing home, educational level, and cigarette-smoking.
The mean MMSE score was 21.36 ± 6.35, which was negatively correlated with age and diastolic BP ( = 0.001 and = 0.024, respectively) and positively correlated with body mass, BMI, fat-free mass, fat, muscle mass, and education level ( = 0.004, = 0.004, = 002, = 0.049, = 0.005, and ˂ 0.001, respectively). Patients who died during the observational period had lower MMSE scores than those who survived (23.34 ± 5.68 vs. 20.16 ± 6.45; < 0.001). Smokers had better MMSE results than nonsmokers (23.34 ± 5.98 vs. 20.08 ± 4.94; < 0.001).
Polish nursing home residents had mild cognitive impairment depending on their age, sex, educational level, and nutritional status. Lower MMSE score was a prognostic factor for mortality in the 3-year observational period.
评估认知功能有助于为养老院居民提供适当的护理。本研究的目的是确定影响波兰养老院居民认知功能的因素，并评估其在3年观察期内对死亡率的影响。
本研究纳入了2015年来自一家养老院的202名老年人。调查包括使用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）进行认知功能检查和生物电阻抗分析。收集的数据包括性别、年龄、血压（BP）、心率、合并症数量、在养老院居住的年限、教育水平和吸烟情况。
MMSE平均得分为21.36±6.35，与年龄和舒张压呈负相关（分别为 = 0.001和 = 0.024），与体重、体重指数（BMI）、去脂体重、脂肪、肌肉量和教育水平呈正相关（分别为 = 0.004、 = 0.004、 = 0.002、 = 0.049、 = 0.005和 ˂ 0.001）。在观察期内死亡的患者MMSE得分低于存活患者（23.34±5.68对20.16±6.45； ˂ 0.001）。吸烟者的MMSE结果优于非吸烟者（23.34±5.98对20.08±4.94； ˂ 0.001）。
波兰养老院居民根据其年龄、性别、教育水平和营养状况存在轻度认知障碍。较低的MMSE得分是3年观察期内死亡率的一个预后因素。
