Kharuk Viacheslav I, Im Sergei T, Ranson Kenneth J, Yagunov Mikhail N
V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS Academgorodok 50/28, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Siberian Federal University, Institute of Space and Information Technology, pr. Kirenskogo 26a, 660074 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Forests. 2017 Aug;8(8):301. doi: 10.3390/f8080301. Epub 2017 Aug 16.
Siberian silkmoth ( Tschetv.) is a dangerous pest that has affected nearly 2.5 × 10 ha of "dark taiga" stands (composed of , and ) within the latitude range of 52°-59° N. Here we describe a current silkmoth outbreak that is occurring about half degree northward of its formerly documented outbreak range. This outbreak has covered an area of about 800 thousand ha with mortality of conifer stands within an area of about 300 thousand ha. The primary outbreak originated in the year 2014 within stands located on gentle relatively dry southwest slopes at elevations up to 200 m above sea level (a.s.l.) Then the outbreak spread to the mesic areas including northern slopes and the low-elevation forest belts along the Yenisei ridge. Within the outbreak area, the northern Siberian silkmoth population has reduced generation length from two to one year. Our study showed that the outbreak was promoted by droughts in prior years, an increase of the sum of daily temperatures ( > +10 °C), and a decrease in ground cover moisture. Within the outbreak area, secondary pests were also active, including the aggressive bark borer beetle. The outbreak considered here is part of the wide-spread (panzonal) Siberian silkmoth outbreak that originated during 2014-2015 with a range of up to 1000 km in southern Siberia. Our work concludes that observed climate warming opens opportunities for Siberian silkmoth migration into historically outbreak free northern "dark taiga" stands.
西伯利亚松毛虫（Tschetv.）是一种危险害虫，已在北纬52° - 59°范围内影响了近250万公顷的“暗针叶林”林分（由[具体树种1]、[具体树种2]和[具体树种3]组成）。在此，我们描述了一次当前正在发生的松毛虫爆发情况，此次爆发发生在其先前记录的爆发范围以北约半度的区域。这次爆发覆盖面积约80万公顷，针叶林分死亡率约30万公顷。最初的爆发于2014年在海拔高达海平面以上200米的相对干燥的西南缓坡林分中开始。随后爆发蔓延到包括北坡以及叶尼塞岭沿线低海拔森林带在内的湿润地区。在爆发区域内，西伯利亚松毛虫北部种群的世代长度从两年缩短为一年。我们的研究表明，前几年的干旱、日平均温度总和升高（> +10°C）以及地表覆盖物湿度降低促使了此次爆发。在爆发区域内，次生害虫也很活跃，包括具有侵略性的[树皮甲虫名称]。这里所考虑的这次爆发是2014 - 2015年期间起源于西伯利亚南部、范围达1000公里的广泛（泛区域）西伯利亚松毛虫爆发的一部分。我们的研究得出结论，观测到的气候变暖为西伯利亚松毛虫迁移到历史上未发生过爆发的北部“暗针叶林”林分创造了机会。
