Dan Jennifer M, Mateus Jose, Kato Yu, Hastie Kathryn M, Yu Esther Dawen, Faliti Caterina E, Grifoni Alba, Ramirez Sydney I, Haupt Sonya, Frazier April, Nakao Catherine, Rayaprolu Vamseedhar, Rawlings Stephen A, Peters Bjoern, Krammer Florian, Simon Viviana, Saphire Erica Ollmann, Smith Davey M, Weiskopf Daniela, Sette Alessandro, Crotty Shane
Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
bioRxiv. 2020 Dec 18:2020.11.15.383323. doi: 10.1101/2020.11.15.383323.
Understanding immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for improving diagnostics and vaccines, and for assessing the likely future course of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed multiple compartments of circulating immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 in 254 samples from 188 COVID-19 cases, including 43 samples at ≥ 6 months post-infection. IgG to the Spike protein was relatively stable over 6+ months. Spike-specific memory B cells were more abundant at 6 months than at 1 month post symptom onset. SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells declined with a half-life of 3-5 months. By studying antibody, memory B cell, CD4 T cell, and CD8 T cell memory to SARS-CoV-2 in an integrated manner, we observed that each component of SARS-CoV-2 immune memory exhibited distinct kinetics.
了解对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的免疫记忆对于改进诊断方法和疫苗，以及评估2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行未来可能的发展趋势至关重要。我们分析了188例COVID-19病例的254份样本中对SARS-CoV-2的循环免疫记忆的多个组成部分，其中包括感染后≥6个月的43份样本。针对刺突蛋白的IgG在6个多月的时间里相对稳定。症状出现后6个月时，刺突特异性记忆B细胞比1个月时更为丰富。SARS-CoV-2特异性CD4⁺ T细胞和CD8⁺ T细胞以3至5个月的半衰期下降。通过综合研究针对SARS-CoV-2的抗体、记忆B细胞、CD4⁺ T细胞和CD8⁺ T细胞记忆，我们观察到SARS-CoV-2免疫记忆的每个组成部分都呈现出不同的动力学特征。
