Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Accid Anal Prev. 2021 Mar;151:105956. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2020.105956. Epub 2021 Jan 11.
To evaluate the relationship between visual function and a five-year history of motor vehicle collision rates in older adults. Motion perception impairment was explored as a risk factor for motor vehicle collisions for the first time in this study.
Participants were licensed drivers ≥70 years old enrolled in the Alabama VIP Older Driver Study who underwent functional assessments for motion perception, distance visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, visual field sensitivity, and visual processing speed. Participants were recruited based on their being patients in an ophthalmology clinic in the year prior to enrollment or had participated in an earlier driving study. Crash reports were obtained from the Alabama Law Enforcement Agency for the 5 years prior to enrollment and mileage estimated using the Driving Habits Questionnaire. Crude and age-adjusted rate ratios (RRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) were calculated using Poisson regression.
159 participants enrolled with a mean age of 79 years. The age-adjusted crash rate was higher among those with worse motion perception (RR: 2.7, 95 % CI: 1.4-5.2), severe slowing in visual processing speed (RR: 3.6, 95 % CI: 1.5-8.5), and impaired peripheral visual field sensitivity (RR: 2.4, 95 % CI: 1.3-4.4).
Among a sample of older drivers, crash rates were higher for those with impaired motion perception, severely slowed visual processing speed, and impaired peripheral visual field sensitivity. The association between motion perception and crash risk in older drivers has not been previously reported. Prospective analysis of the Alabama VIP Older Driver Study will examine these risk factors for future collision involvement based on naturalistic driving data.
评估老年人视觉功能与五年机动车碰撞发生率之间的关系。本研究首次探讨了运动知觉损伤作为机动车碰撞的危险因素。
参与者为参加阿拉巴马 VIP 老年驾驶员研究的、年龄≥70 岁、持有驾照的驾驶员，他们接受了运动知觉、远距视力、对比敏感度、视野敏感度和视觉处理速度的功能评估。参与者是根据他们在登记前一年在眼科诊所就诊或参加过早期驾驶研究而被招募的。登记前 5 年的碰撞报告从阿拉巴马执法机构获得，里程数使用驾驶习惯问卷估计。使用泊松回归计算粗率和年龄调整后的率比（RR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。
159 名参与者平均年龄为 79 岁。运动知觉较差者（RR：2.7，95%CI：1.4-5.2）、视觉处理速度严重减慢者（RR：3.6，95%CI：1.5-8.5）和周边视野敏感度受损者（RR：2.4，95%CI：1.3-4.4）的年龄调整后碰撞率较高。
在老年驾驶员样本中，运动知觉受损、视觉处理速度严重减慢和周边视野敏感度受损者的碰撞率更高。老年人运动知觉与碰撞风险之间的关联以前没有报道过。阿拉巴马 VIP 老年驾驶员研究的前瞻性分析将根据自然驾驶数据，检查这些与未来碰撞相关的危险因素。
