能否通过基于理论的手机短信干预来提高海员采取皮肤癌预防行为的比例？一项随机临床试验。
Can adopting skin cancer preventive behaviors among seafarers be increased via a theory-based mobile phone-based text message intervention? A randomized clinical trial.
作者信息
Heydari Esmat, Dehdari Tahereh, Solhi Mahnaz
机构信息
Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Hemmat Highway, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jan 14;21(1):134. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09893-x.
BACKGROUND
One of the main occupational hazards for seafarers is the long exposure to sunlight. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of a mobile phone-based text message intervention in adopting skin cancer preventive behaviors among a sample of seafarers in Genaveh port located in Bushehr province, Iran.
METHODS
In this randomized controlled trial, 136 seafarers were randomly selected and assigned to the intervention (n = 68) or a control groups (n = 68). As a theoretical basis, we followed the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) variables to develop the text messages. The data related to PMT variables and skin cancer preventive behaviors were collected through a questionnaire. Forty-five text messages were designed, pre-tested and sent to the seafarers' phones in the intervention group in 45 days. Both groups were followed up 1 month after the intervention. Data collected in the two stages were analyzed using paired-samples t-test, ANCOVA, and Chi-square tests.
RESULTS
Following the intervention, the mean scores of adopting skin cancer preventive behaviors (p = 0.001), perceived self-efficacy (p = 0.01), protection motivation (p = 0.02), and fear (p = 0.001) were significantly higher in the intervention group than the control group. There was significant reduction in the response costs (p = 0.05) and perceived rewards (p = 0.01) scores in the intervention group compared with the control group after the intervention. However, there were no significant differences in the perceived vulnerability (p = 0.14), perceived severity (p = 0.09), and response efficacy (p = 0.64) between the two groups after the intervention.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of the study indicated the effectiveness of mobile phone-based text message intervention for increasing skin cancer preventive behaviors in Iranian seafarers.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Iranian Registry for Clinical Trial (the link to trial: https://www.irct.ir/trial/7572 ). Registered 16 July, 2016. Prospectively registered.
背景
海员面临的主要职业危害之一是长期暴露在阳光下。本研究旨在确定基于手机短信的干预措施对伊朗布什尔省格纳韦港的一组海员采取皮肤癌预防行为的效果。
方法
在这项随机对照试验中，随机选取136名海员，分为干预组（n = 68）和对照组（n = 68）。作为理论基础，我们依据保护动机理论（PMT）变量来编写短信。通过问卷收集与PMT变量和皮肤癌预防行为相关的数据。设计了45条短信，进行预测试后，在45天内发送到干预组海员的手机上。干预后1个月对两组进行随访。使用配对样本t检验、协方差分析和卡方检验对两个阶段收集的数据进行分析。
结果
干预后，干预组采取皮肤癌预防行为的平均得分（p = 0.001）、自我效能感（p = 0.01）、保护动机（p = 0.02）和恐惧（p = 0.001）均显著高于对照组。与对照组相比，干预组干预后的反应成本得分（p = 0.05）和感知奖励得分（p = 0.01）显著降低。然而，干预后两组在感知易感性（p = 0.14）、感知严重性（p = 0.09）和反应效能（p = 0.64）方面无显著差异。
结论
研究结果表明，基于手机短信的干预措施对增加伊朗海员的皮肤癌预防行为有效。
试验注册
伊朗临床试验注册中心（试验链接：https://www.irct.ir/trial/7572 ）。2016年7月16日注册。前瞻性注册。
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