Brackbill R, Frazier T, Shilling S
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226.
Am J Ind Med. 1988;13(1):5-41. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700130103.
Data from the 1978-1980 National Health Interview Survey smoking questionnaire were used to analyze prevalence and levels of cigarette smoking among groups of US workers. This information is valuable for indirect adjustment in occupational epidemiology studies as well as for describing smoking patterns of workers in a wide range of job settings. Although there was a higher percentage of current smokers among men than women in the general population, there were few differences in prevalence of smoking among men and women for specific occupations. Also, race and employment status had an influence on prevalence of smoking, where both the currently unemployed and blacks generally had a higher proportion of current smokers, although blacks generally had a higher proportion of current smokers, although blacks smoked fewer cigarettes. Industry also played a major role in the variation of smoking habits. For instance, the percentage of current smokers of a given occupation had as much as a 25% difference depending on the industry they were employed, such as 52% vs 26% for managers and administrators. Detailed data will be made available as microcomputer files for interested researchers.
1978 - 1980年全国健康访谈调查吸烟问卷的数据被用于分析美国工人群体中的吸烟率及吸烟水平。这些信息对于职业流行病学研究中的间接调整以及描述广泛工作环境中工人的吸烟模式很有价值。尽管在普通人群中男性当前吸烟者的比例高于女性，但在特定职业中男性和女性的吸烟率差异不大。此外，种族和就业状况对吸烟率有影响，目前失业者和黑人通常当前吸烟者的比例较高，尽管黑人通常当前吸烟者的比例较高，不过黑人吸烟量较少。行业在吸烟习惯的差异方面也起着重要作用。例如，特定职业的当前吸烟者百分比因他们所从事的行业不同而相差多达25%，如经理和管理人员分别为52%和26%。详细数据将作为微机文件提供给感兴趣的研究人员。
