Saber Moosa, Ahmadi Zeinab, Mahdavinia Gholam Reza, Pourabad Reza Farshbaf, Soleymanzadeh Asmar
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 22;15(1):30966. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16773-0.
New formulation of diflubenzuron, was carried out through a simple and green route using polyethylene glycol (PEG). The insecticidal efficacy of PEG nano-capsules loaded with diflubenzuron (DFB) pesticide was evaluated against Helicoverpa armigera (Heb). The loaded nanoparticles had the spherical-shape and an average size of 80 ± 20 nm. In the acute toxicity bioassay, 2nd instar larvae of H. armigera were exposed to either DFB or fabricated DFB@NPs for 96 h. According to the results, the LC values were 316.87 and 139.36 µg a.i./mL for DFB and fabricated DFB@NPs, respectively. Also, the results of the contact toxicity bioassay against the egg stage of the pest revealed the LC values of 70.74 and 8.58 µg a.i./mL for DFB and nanoparticles prepared by PEG-400, respectively. Controlled release experiments showed that DFB@NPs releases the active ingredient over a prolonged period. This study revealed that the nanoformulation of diflubenzuron by PEG-400 can improve its insecticidal efficacy against H. armigera. The residue of DFB was analyzed via an HPLC and showed that after 3 weeks the residue of DFB and DFB@NPs were much lower than MRLs. Overall, our results indicated that the nanoformulation of diflubenzuron is more economical and environmentally friendly than traditional formulations.
通过使用聚乙二醇（PEG）的简单绿色路线制备了二氟苯脲的新制剂。评估了负载二氟苯脲（DFB）农药的PEG纳米胶囊对棉铃虫（Helicoverpa armigera，Heb）的杀虫效果。负载的纳米颗粒呈球形，平均尺寸为80±20nm。在急性毒性生物测定中，将棉铃虫二龄幼虫暴露于DFB或制备的DFB@NPs中96小时。结果显示，DFB和制备的DFB@NPs的LC值分别为316.87和139.36μg a.i./mL。此外，针对害虫卵期的接触毒性生物测定结果显示，DFB和PEG-400制备的纳米颗粒的LC值分别为70.74和8.58μg a.i./mL。控释实验表明，DFB@NPs能长时间释放活性成分。该研究表明，PEG-400对二氟苯脲的纳米制剂可提高其对棉铃虫的杀虫效果。通过高效液相色谱法分析了DFB的残留量，结果表明，3周后DFB和DFB@NPs的残留量远低于最大残留限量。总体而言，我们的结果表明，二氟苯脲的纳米制剂比传统制剂更经济、更环保。
