Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Mol Neurosci. 2021 Oct;71(10):1987-2006. doi: 10.1007/s12031-020-01788-1. Epub 2021 Jan 14.
Migraine is a common neurovascular condition. This disorder has a complex genetic background. Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or mutations within genes regulating glutamatergic neurotransmission, cortical excitability, ion channels, and solute carriers have been associated with polygenic and monogenic forms of migraine. SNPs within ACE, DBH, TRPM8, COMT, GABRQ, CALCA, TRPV1, and other genes have been reported to affect the risk of migraine or the associated clinical parameters. The distribution of some HLA alleles within the HLA-DRB1, HLA-DR2, HLA-B, and HLA-C regions have also been found to differ between migraineurs and healthy subjects. In addition, certain mitochondrial DNA changes and polymorphisms in this region have been shown to increase the risk of migraine. A few functional studies have investigated the molecular mechanisms contributing to these genetic factors in the development of migraine. Here we review studies evaluating the role of genetic polymorphisms and mRNA/miRNA dysregulation in migraine.
偏头痛是一种常见的神经血管疾病。这种疾病有复杂的遗传背景。几个调节谷氨酸能神经传递、皮质兴奋性、离子通道和溶质载体的基因内的单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）或突变与偏头痛的多基因和单基因形式有关。据报道，ACE、DBH、TRPM8、COMT、GABRQ、CALCA、TRPV1 和其他基因内的 SNPs 会影响偏头痛的风险或相关的临床参数。HLA-DRB1、HLA-DR2、HLA-B 和 HLA-C 区域内某些 HLA 等位基因的分布也在偏头痛患者和健康受试者之间存在差异。此外，该区域内的某些线粒体 DNA 变化和多态性已被证明会增加偏头痛的风险。一些功能研究已经调查了这些遗传因素在偏头痛发展中的分子机制。在这里，我们综述了评估遗传多态性和 mRNA/miRNA 失调在偏头痛中的作用的研究。
