Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Renaissance Technology Private Ltd Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2021 Oct;11(5):1878-1902. doi: 10.1007/s13346-020-00876-4. Epub 2021 Jan 14.
In the twenty-first century, the collaboration of control engineering and the healthcare sector has matured to some extent; however, the future will have promising opportunities, vast applications, and some challenges. Due to advancements in processing speed, the closed-loop administration of drugs has gained popularity for critically ill patients in intensive care units and routine life such as personalized drug delivery or implantable therapeutic devices. For developing a closed-loop drug delivery system, the control system works with a group of technologies like sensors, micromachining, wireless technologies, and pharmaceuticals. Recently, the integration of artificial intelligence techniques such as fuzzy logic, neural network, and reinforcement learning with the closed-loop drug delivery systems has brought their applications closer to fully intelligent automatic healthcare systems. This review's main objectives are to discuss the current developments, possibilities, and future visions in closed-loop drug delivery systems, for providing treatment to patients suffering from chronic diseases. It summarizes the present insight of closed-loop drug delivery/therapy for diabetes, gastrointestinal tract disease, cancer, anesthesia administration, cardiac ailments, and neurological disorders, from a perspective to show the research in the area of control theory.
在二十一世纪，控制工程与医疗保健领域的合作已经发展到一定程度；然而，未来将有广阔的应用前景和一些挑战。由于处理速度的提高，闭环药物管理在重症监护病房和常规生活中（如个性化药物输送或植入式治疗装置）受到了重症患者的欢迎。为了开发闭环药物输送系统，控制系统与一组技术（如传感器、微加工、无线技术和药物）协同工作。最近，人工智能技术（如模糊逻辑、神经网络和强化学习）与闭环药物输送系统的集成，使它们的应用更接近完全智能的自动医疗保健系统。这篇综述的主要目的是讨论闭环药物输送系统在为慢性疾病患者提供治疗方面的最新进展、可能性和未来愿景。它从控制理论的角度总结了闭环药物输送/治疗糖尿病、胃肠道疾病、癌症、麻醉管理、心脏疾病和神经紊乱的最新见解，以展示该领域的研究情况。
