Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Qual Life Res. 2021 Jun;30(6):1675-1684. doi: 10.1007/s11136-020-02746-5. Epub 2021 Jan 14.
Severe restrictions related to COVID-19 were implemented almost simultaneously in Italy and Israel in early March 2020, although the epidemic situation in both countries was significantly different. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine how and to what extent the severe restrictions affected the mental health and health-related quality of life of non-infected people, in a comparison between Israel and Italy.
A cross-sectional study was conducted during the first week of May 2020 among 510 Israeli and 505 Italian participants. Anxiety and depression levels were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), and the short form-8 health survey (SF-8) questionnaire measured health-related quality of life. Linear hierarchic regression forced steps analysis was performed to measure the unique contribution of each variable to predicting health-related quality of life.
After adjusting for socioeconomic variables, the results showed a significantly higher anxiety level and lower health-related quality of life in the Italian participants. The anxiety and depression variables predicted lower health-related quality of life. Physical activity was found to be a protective factor.
The results suggest that early monitoring of anxiety and depression in situations such as quarantine may detect the risk for decline in health-related quality of life. Establishment of professional interventions is needed in order to prevent the negative health consequences of the pandemic-related policy.
2020 年 3 月初，意大利和以色列几乎同时实施了与 COVID-19 相关的严格限制措施，尽管两国的疫情情况明显不同。因此，本研究的目的是在以色列和意大利之间进行比较，研究这些严格限制措施如何以及在何种程度上影响了未感染人群的心理健康和健康相关生活质量。
在 2020 年 5 月的第一周，对 510 名以色列和 505 名意大利参与者进行了横断面研究。使用患者健康问卷-4（PHQ-4）测量焦虑和抑郁水平，使用简短形式-8 健康调查（SF-8）问卷测量健康相关生活质量。采用线性层次回归强制步骤分析，测量每个变量对预测健康相关生活质量的独特贡献。
在调整社会经济变量后，结果显示意大利参与者的焦虑水平显著较高，健康相关生活质量较低。焦虑和抑郁变量预测健康相关生活质量较低。身体活动被发现是一个保护因素。
研究结果表明，在隔离等情况下，早期监测焦虑和抑郁可能会发现健康相关生活质量下降的风险。需要建立专业干预措施，以防止大流行相关政策带来的负面健康后果。
