Master Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia.
Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia.
Dent Med Probl. 2020 Oct-Dec;57(4):363-367. doi: 10.17219/dmp/125775.
Bone loss rapidly increases 6 months post tooth extraction, which causes the atrophy of the alveolar bone. Two kinds of biomaterials which can stimulate bone regeneration are bioceramics and polymers. Making a composite of biomaterials results in better physical and biomolecular characteristics in comparison with a bioceramic or a polymer alone. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs) are one of the bioceramics commonly used for bone regeneration; they can degrade faster than hydroxyapatite (HA) microparticles, but have an insufficient pore size. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) are polymers which have been used for biomedical applications. However, PLGA alone has insufficient cell attachment and PVA alone slowly degrades in the bone tissue.
The aim of the present study was to analyze the biodegradation properties of the HANP/PLGA/PVA composites and investigate the pore size.
The HANP/PLGA/PVA composites were prepared using the freeze-drying method, with 20% (w/w) of HANP and 20% (w/w) of PLGA. Morphology and the pore size were determined by means of the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis. Biodegradation properties were determined by calculating water uptake and water loss for 1, 3 and 6 weeks. Statistical analysis was performed based on the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at p < 0.05.
The HANP/PLGA/PVA composites had the greatest mean pore size and a rougher surface than others (176.00 ±61.93 μm; p < 0.05). Moreover, the HANP/PLGA/PVA composites had the greatest water uptake, significantly in the 3rd (730.46%; p < 0.05) and 6th weeks (731.07%; p < 0.05), and water loss in the 6th week (67.69%; p < 0.05).
The HANP/PLGA/PVA composites have optimal pore size, morphology and degradability, which shows their high potential as an effective bone scaffold to repair the alveolar defect post tooth extraction.
拔牙后 6 个月，骨量迅速增加，导致牙槽骨萎缩。两种可刺激骨再生的生物材料为生物陶瓷和聚合物。与单独的生物陶瓷或聚合物相比，将生物材料制成复合材料可获得更好的物理和生物分子特性。纳米羟基磷灰石（HANP）是一种常用于骨再生的生物陶瓷；它们的降解速度比羟基磷灰石（HA）微球快，但孔径不足。聚乙烯醇（PVA）和聚乳酸-共-羟基乙酸（PLGA）是已用于生物医学应用的聚合物。然而，PLGA 单独使用时细胞附着不足，PVA 单独使用时在骨组织中降解缓慢。
本研究旨在分析 HANP/PLGA/PVA 复合材料的生物降解特性并研究其孔径。
使用冷冻干燥法制备 HANP/PLGA/PVA 复合材料，其中 HANP 和 PLGA 的含量均为 20%（w/w）。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）分析确定形貌和孔径。通过计算 1、3 和 6 周内的吸水率和失水量来确定生物降解特性。基于方差分析（ANOVA）进行统计分析，p<0.05。
HANP/PLGA/PVA 复合材料的平均孔径最大，表面最粗糙（176.00±61.93μm；p<0.05）。此外，HANP/PLGA/PVA 复合材料的吸水率最大，第 3 周（730.46%；p<0.05）和第 6 周（731.07%；p<0.05）和第 6 周的失水量（67.69%；p<0.05）最大。
HANP/PLGA/PVA 复合材料具有最佳的孔径、形态和降解性，这表明它们具有作为修复拔牙后牙槽缺陷的有效骨支架的高潜力。
