Chestnut D H, Ostman L G, Weiner C P, Hdez M J, Wang J P
University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City.
Anesthesiology. 1988 Mar;68(3):363-6.
The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of intravenously administered vasopressors upon uterine artery blood flow velocity (UBFV) in the gravid guinea pig subjected to ritodrine infusion. Fourteen experiments were performed in 14 chronically instrumented pregnant guinea pigs near term. Immediately following a 1-h intravenous infusion of ritodrine (0.05-0.20 mg.kg.min-1), each animal received an intravenous bolus of vasopressor solution: 1) epinephrine, 0.001 mg/kg; 2) phenylephrine, 0.01 mg/kg; 3) mephentermine, 1.0 mg/kg; 4) ephedrine, 1.0 mg/kg; or 5) placebo. The experimental sequence was performed five times, so that each animal received all five solutions. The vasopressor sequence was randomly altered between animals. Infusion of ritodrine increased maternal heart rate 18 +/- 1% (P less than .0001), decreased maternal mean arterial pressure (MMAP) 4 +/- 1% (P less than .01), and decreased UBFV 5 +/- 1% (P less than .001). The four active vasopressor solutions resulted in similar, though not equivalent, increases in MMAP. Further, the MMAP response to each active vasopressor differed from the response to placebo (P less than .0001). Epinephrine and phenylephrine each significantly decreased UBFV (P less than .002). Ephedrine clearly preserved UBFV, whereas mephentermine appeared to result in an intermediate response.
本研究的目的是评估静脉注射血管升压药对接受利托君输注的妊娠豚鼠子宫动脉血流速度（UBFV）的影响。对14只近足月的慢性植入仪器的妊娠豚鼠进行了14次实验。在静脉输注利托君（0.05 - 0.20 mg·kg·min⁻¹）1小时后，每只动物接受一次血管升压药溶液的静脉推注：1）肾上腺素，0.001 mg/kg；2）去氧肾上腺素，0.01 mg/kg；3）美芬丁胺，1.0 mg/kg；4）麻黄碱，1.0 mg/kg；或5）安慰剂。实验序列进行了5次，以便每只动物接受所有5种溶液。血管升压药的给药顺序在不同动物之间随机改变。输注利托君使母体心率增加18±1%（P＜0.0001），使母体平均动脉压（MMAP）降低4±1%（P＜0.01），并使UBFV降低5±1%（P＜0.001）。四种活性血管升压药溶液导致MMAP有相似但不完全相同的升高。此外，每种活性血管升压药引起的MMAP反应与安慰剂反应不同（P＜0.0001）。肾上腺素和去氧肾上腺素均显著降低UBFV（P＜0.002）。麻黄碱明显维持了UBFV，而美芬丁胺似乎产生了中等反应。
