Chestnut D H, Weiner C P, Wang J P, Herrig J E, Martin J G
Anesthesiology. 1987 Apr;66(4):508-12. doi: 10.1097/00000542-198704000-00010.
The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of intravenously administered ephedrine upon uterine artery blood flow velocity (UBFV) in the gravid guinea pig subjected to terbutaline infusion and acute hemorrhage. Ephedrine, 1.0 mg/kg, was administered intravenously to ten chronically instrumented pregnant guinea pigs near term, before and after intravenous infusion of terbutaline and acute hemorrhage. Before terbutaline and hemorrhage, ephedrine increased maternal mean arterial pressure (MMAP) by 30 +/- 1% (P = .0001) and 17 +/- 1% (P = .0001) at 30 s and at 1 min after injection, respectively; UBFV was decreased by 10 +/- 4% (P less than .01) and 14 +/- 4% (P less than .01) at 1 min and at 90 s after injection, respectively. Infusion of terbutaline (1.5-6.0 ug X kg-1 X min-1) increased maternal heart rate (MHR) by 22 +/- 1% (P = .0001), decreased MMAP by 13 +/- 2% (P = .0001), and decreased UBFV by 24 +/- 3% (P = .0001). During hypotension resulting from acute hemorrhage, ephedrine, 1.0 mg/kg, was superior to placebo in restoring MMAP and UBFV toward the prebleed values. The authors concluded that ephedrine, 1.0 mg/kg, results in a small, transient decrease in UBFV in the normotensive gravid guinea pig. However, ephedrine aids restoration of UBFV in the gravid guinea pig rendered hypotensive by acute hemorrhage during terbutaline infusion.
本研究的目的是确定静脉注射麻黄碱对接受特布他林输注和急性出血的妊娠豚鼠子宫动脉血流速度（UBFV）的影响。对10只长期植入仪器的近足月妊娠豚鼠，在静脉输注特布他林和急性出血前后，静脉注射1.0mg/kg麻黄碱。在特布他林和出血前，注射麻黄碱后30秒和1分钟时，母体平均动脉压（MMAP）分别升高30±1%（P = .0001）和17±1%（P = .0001）；注射后1分钟和90秒时，UBFV分别降低10±4%（P＜.01）和14±4%（P＜.01）。输注特布他林（1.5 - 6.0μg·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹）使母体心率（MHR）升高22±1%（P = .0001），MMAP降低13±2%（P = .0001），UBFV降低24±3%（P = .0001）。在急性出血导致的低血压期间，1.0mg/kg麻黄碱在使MMAP和UBFV恢复到出血前值方面优于安慰剂。作者得出结论，1.0mg/kg麻黄碱会使血压正常的妊娠豚鼠的UBFV出现小幅度、短暂的下降。然而，麻黄碱有助于在特布他林输注期间因急性出血而致低血压的妊娠豚鼠恢复UBFV。
