Gariani Karim, Jornayvaz François R
Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.
Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Endocr Connect. 2021 Feb;10(2):R52-R65. doi: 10.1530/EC-20-0490.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the industrialized world. NAFLD encompasses a whole spectrum ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. The latter can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, NASH is the most rapidly increasing indication for liver transplantation in western countries and therefore represents a global health issue. The pathophysiology of NASH is complex and includes multiple parallel hits. NASH is notably characterized by steatosis as well as evidence of hepatocyte injury and inflammation, with or without fibrosis. NASH is frequently associated with type 2 diabetes and conditions associated with insulin resistance. Moreover, NASH may also be found in many other endocrine diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothyroidism, male hypogonadism, growth hormone deficiency or glucocorticoid excess, for example. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiology of NASH associated with different endocrinopathies.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是工业化国家慢性肝病最常见的病因。NAFLD涵盖了从单纯性脂肪变性到非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）和肝硬化的整个范围。后者可导致肝细胞癌。此外，NASH是西方国家肝移植中增长最快的适应证，因此是一个全球性的健康问题。NASH的病理生理学很复杂，包括多个并行的打击因素。NASH的显著特征是脂肪变性以及肝细胞损伤和炎症的证据，伴或不伴有纤维化。NASH常与2型糖尿病以及与胰岛素抵抗相关的疾病有关。此外，NASH也可能在许多其他内分泌疾病中出现，例如多囊卵巢综合征、甲状腺功能减退、男性性腺功能减退、生长激素缺乏或糖皮质激素过多。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论与不同内分泌疾病相关的NASH的病理生理学。
