儿童焦虑障碍中冒险行为的大脑与行为相关性。
Brain and Behavior Correlates of Risk Taking in Pediatric Anxiety Disorders.
机构信息
Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
出版信息
Biol Psychiatry. 2021 Apr 1;89(7):707-715. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.11.003. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
Avoidant behavior is a defining feature of pediatric anxiety disorders. Although prior research has examined it from the perspective of early information processing events, there has been relatively less consideration of the processes by which anxious youth make avoidant decisions and how these choices are reinforced over time. Studies of risk taking are valuable in this regard because they consider how individuals identify the pros and cons of their choices, how they weigh potential gains and losses and estimate their respective probabilities, and how they tolerate the uncertainty intrinsic to any decision. In this review, we place risk taking within existing models of information processing in pediatric anxiety disorders and highlight the particular value of this construct for informing models of developmental psychopathology and individual differences in outcome over time. We review existing behavioral and neurobiological studies of risk taking in anxious youth and conclude by identifying directions for future research.
回避行为是儿科焦虑障碍的一个显著特征。尽管先前的研究已经从早期信息处理事件的角度对其进行了研究，但对于焦虑青少年做出回避决策的过程以及这些选择如何随着时间的推移得到强化的关注相对较少。风险承担的研究在这方面很有价值，因为它们考虑了个体如何识别选择的利弊，如何权衡潜在的得失并估计各自的概率，以及如何容忍任何决策固有的不确定性。在这篇综述中，我们将风险承担置于儿科焦虑障碍中现有的信息处理模型中，并强调了这一结构对于告知发展心理病理学模型和随着时间的推移个体差异结果的特殊价值。我们回顾了焦虑青少年风险承担的现有行为和神经生物学研究，并最后确定了未来研究的方向。
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