Department of Pediatric Gynecology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2021 Jun;40(6):1253-1261. doi: 10.1007/s10096-021-04152-2. Epub 2021 Jan 16.
The present study focused on the characteristics of the vaginal microbiomes in prepubertal girls with and without vulvovaginitis. We collected 24 vaginal samples and 16 fecal samples from 10 girls aged 3-9 years with vulvovaginitis and 16 healthy girls of the same age. The samples were divided into three groups: fecal swabs from healthy controls (HF), vaginal swabs from healthy controls (HVS), and vaginal swabs from girls with vulvovaginitis (VVS). Sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rDNA gene was performed with the NovaSeq PE250 platform to reveal the vaginal microbial community structure in healthy prepubertal girls and vulvovaginitis-associated microbiota. The intestinal microbiomes of healthy children were also analyzed for comparison. This study revealed that the healthy vaginal tract in prepubertal girls was dominated by Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Ezakiella, and Peptoniphilus species, with a high diversity of microbiota. The vulvovaginitis-associated microbiota were dominated by Streptococcus, Prevotella, Haemophilus, and Granulicatella, with lower diversity than that in healthy girls. Furthermore, the compositions of the vaginal and intestinal microbiomes were completely different. ANOSIM, MRPP, Adonis, and AMOVA were used to analyze the beta diversity, and the results showed that there were significant differences in the microbial communities among the three groups. Lactobacillus deficiency and high bacterial diversity were characteristics of the vaginal microbiome in healthy prepubertal girls; this is inconsistent with that in reproductive-age women. The vulvovaginitis-associated vaginal microbiota differed dramatically from normal microbiota, and the main causative agents were not fecal in origin.
本研究关注了患有和不患有外阴阴道炎的青春期前女童阴道微生物组的特征。我们收集了 10 名 3-9 岁患有外阴阴道炎的女童和 16 名同年龄健康女童的 24 份阴道样本和 16 份粪便样本。这些样本被分为三组：健康对照组的粪便拭子（HF）、健康对照组的阴道拭子（HVS）和患有外阴阴道炎女童的阴道拭子（VVS）。使用 NovaSeq PE250 平台对 16S rDNA 基因的 V3-V4 区进行测序，以揭示健康青春期前女童阴道微生物群落结构和与外阴阴道炎相关的微生物群。还分析了健康儿童的肠道微生物组进行比较。本研究表明，青春期前女童健康阴道以普雷沃氏菌属、卟啉单胞菌属、爱克斯坦菌属和消化链球菌属为主，具有高度多样化的微生物群。与外阴阴道炎相关的微生物群主要由链球菌属、普雷沃氏菌属、嗜血杆菌属和颗粒菌属主导，多样性低于健康女童。此外，阴道和肠道微生物组的组成完全不同。使用 ANOSIM、MRPP、Adonis 和 AMOVA 分析 beta 多样性，结果表明三组之间的微生物群落存在显著差异。乳酸杆菌缺乏和高细菌多样性是健康青春期前女童阴道微生物组的特征；这与生育年龄妇女的情况不一致。与外阴阴道炎相关的阴道微生物群与正常菌群有很大的不同，主要的病原体不是来自粪便。
