阿尔茨海默病中的成年海马神经发生。
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease.
机构信息
Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
出版信息
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2021;177:137-156. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.09.002. Epub 2020 Oct 16.
New neurons are generated in the dentate gyrus of the adult brain throughout life. They incorporate in the granular cell layer of the dentate gyrus and integrate in the hippocampal circuitry. Increasing evidence suggests that new neurons play a role in learning and memory. In turn, a large body of evidence suggests that neurogenesis is impaired in Alzheimer's disease, contributing to memory deficits characterizing the disease. We outline here current knowledge about the biology of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and its function in learning and memory. In addition, we discuss evidence that neurogenesis is dysfunctional in Alzheimer's disease, address the controversy in the literature concerning the persistence of hippocampal neurogenesis in the adult and aging human brain, and evaluate the therapeutic potential of neurogenesis-based drug development for the treatment of cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease.
成年大脑的齿状回会不断产生新的神经元。这些神经元会整合到齿状回的颗粒细胞层，并融入海马体的神经回路中。越来越多的证据表明，新的神经元在学习和记忆中发挥作用。相反，大量证据表明，神经发生在阿尔茨海默病中受到损害，导致该疾病的记忆缺陷。我们在这里概述了成年海马体神经发生的生物学及其在学习和记忆中的功能的现有知识。此外，我们还讨论了神经发生在阿尔茨海默病中功能失调的证据，解决了文献中关于成年和衰老人大脑中海马体神经发生持续存在的争议，并评估了基于神经发生的药物开发治疗阿尔茨海默病认知缺陷的治疗潜力。
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