Chandan Rajeet, Mehta Sourabh, Banerjee Rinti
Nanomedicine Lab, Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
IIT Bombay-Monash Research Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2020 Sep 14;6(9):4731-4747. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01979. Epub 2020 Aug 14.
Ultrasound (US)-responsive carriers have emerged as promising theranostic candidates because of their ability to enhance US-contrast, promote image-guided drug delivery, cause on-demand pulsatile release of drugs in response to ultrasound stimuli, as well as to enhance the permeability of physiological barriers such as the stratum corneum, the vascular endothelium, and the blood-brain barrier (BBB). US-responsive carriers include microbubbles MBs, liposomes, droplets, hydrogels, and nanobubble-nanoparticle complexes and have been explored for cavitation-mediated US-responsive drug delivery. Recently, a transient increase in the permeability of the BBB by microbubble (MB)-assisted low-frequency US has shown promise in enhancing the delivery of therapeutic agents in the case of neurological disorders. Further, the periodic mechanical stimulus generated by US-responsive MBs have also been explored in tissue engineering and has directly influenced the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into cartilage. This Review discusses the various types of US-responsive carriers and explores their emerging roles in therapeutics ranging from drug delivery to tissue engineering.
超声（US）响应性载体已成为有前景的诊疗候选物，因为它们能够增强超声对比度、促进图像引导的药物递送、响应超声刺激实现按需脉冲式药物释放，以及增强诸如角质层、血管内皮和血脑屏障（BBB）等生理屏障的通透性。US响应性载体包括微泡（MBs）、脂质体、液滴、水凝胶和纳米气泡-纳米颗粒复合物，并已被用于探索空化介导的US响应性药物递送。最近，微泡（MB）辅助低频超声使血脑屏障的通透性短暂增加，这在神经疾病治疗中增强治疗剂递送方面显示出前景。此外，US响应性MBs产生的周期性机械刺激也已在组织工程中得到探索，并直接影响间充质干细胞向软骨的分化。本综述讨论了各种类型的US响应性载体，并探讨了它们在从药物递送到组织工程等治疗领域中正在出现的作用。
