University of Minnesota, West Central Research and Outreach Center, Morris 56267.
University of Minnesota, West Central Research and Outreach Center, Morris 56267.
J Dairy Sci. 2021 Mar;104(3):3736-3750. doi: 10.3168/jds.2020-18952. Epub 2021 Jan 15.
Direct visual observation is a common method for validation of animal behavior technologies; however, visual observations are time consuming and subject to human error. The objective of this study was to evaluate the RumiWatch system (Itin and Hoch GmbH, Liestal, Switzerland), which is composed of a noseband sensor and a pedometer, for monitoring feeding and locomotion behaviors of grazing dairy cows, to determine its accuracy for use as a benchmark in validation studies. The study was conducted at the University of Minnesota West Central Research and Outreach Center in Morris, Minnesota, from May to June 2018. Two experiments were conducted and validated: (1) feeding and locomotion behaviors and (2) rumination cycle and grazing bites. Lactating crossbred dairy cows (n = 12) were offered pasture for 22 h/d, and cows were milked twice daily. Visual observations were recorded by 3 observers with the Pocket Observer app (Noldus Information Technology, Leesburg, VA). The first experiment determined agreement for visual observations and the RumiWatch noseband sensor and pedometer from 144 h of feeding and locomotion behaviors. The second experiment determined agreement for visual observations and the RumiWatch noseband sensor from 17.75 h of rumination cycle and grazing bites. Pearson correlations evaluated associations for visual observations, and the RumiWatch noseband sensor and pedometer and were 0.84 for rumination, 0.76 for grazing, 0.39 for drinking, 0.57 for other activities, 0.83 for standing, 0.91 for lying, and 0.38 for walking. Correlations for visual observations and rumination cycle and grazing bites were -0.13 and 0.47, respectively. The RumiWatch system evaluated rumination, grazing, standing, and lying behaviors with high precision and accuracy, and the RumiWatch system may be used as a benchmark instead of visual observation to validate animal behavior technologies.
直接目视观察是验证动物行为技术的常用方法;然而,目视观察既耗时又容易出错。本研究的目的是评估 RumiWatch 系统(Itin 和 Hoch GmbH,Liestal,瑞士),该系统由鼻带传感器和计步器组成,用于监测放牧奶牛的采食和运动行为,以确定其在验证研究中作为基准的准确性。该研究于 2018 年 5 月至 6 月在明尼苏达州莫里斯的明尼苏达大学中西部研究和推广中心进行。进行了两项实验并进行了验证:(1)采食和运动行为,(2)反刍循环和放牧咀嚼。泌乳杂交奶牛(n = 12)每天放牧 22 小时,每天挤奶 2 次。视觉观察由 3 名观察员使用 Pocket Observer 应用程序(Noldus Information Technology,Leesburg,VA)记录。第一个实验确定了 144 小时采食和运动行为中视觉观察与 RumiWatch 鼻带传感器和计步器的一致性。第二个实验确定了 17.75 小时反刍循环和放牧咀嚼中视觉观察与 RumiWatch 鼻带传感器的一致性。Pearson 相关分析评估了视觉观察与 RumiWatch 鼻带传感器和计步器的关联,反刍为 0.84,放牧为 0.76,饮水为 0.39,其他活动为 0.57,站立为 0.83,躺卧为 0.91,行走为 0.38。视觉观察与反刍循环和放牧咀嚼的相关性分别为-0.13 和 0.47。RumiWatch 系统对反刍、放牧、站立和躺卧行为进行了高精度和准确性评估,RumiWatch 系统可用作基准,而不是视觉观察,以验证动物行为技术。
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