Genetic predisposition and prediction protocol for epithelial neoplasms in disease-free individuals: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND

Epithelial neoplasm is an important global health-care problem, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential for increased life survival. Prediction of occurrence of malignancy in a disease-free individual by any means will be a great breakthrough for healthy living.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

The aims and objectives were to predict the genetic predisposition and propose a prediction protocol for epithelial malignancy of various systems in our body, in a disease-free individual.

METHODS

We have searched databases both manually and electronically, published in English language in Cochrane group, Google search, MEDLINE and PubMed from 2000 to 2019. We have included all the published, peer-reviewed, narrative reviews; randomized controlled trials; case-control studies; and cohort studies and excluded the abstract-only articles and duplicates. Specific words such as "etiological factors," "pathology and mutations," "signs and symptoms," "genetics and IHC marker," and "treatment outcome" were used for the search. A total of 1032 citations were taken, and only 141 citations met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed.

RESULTS

After analyzing various articles, the etiological factors, clinical signs and symptoms, genes and the pathology involved and the commonly used blood and tissue markers were analyzed. A basic investigation strategy using immunohistochemistry markers was established.

CONCLUSION

The set of proposed biomarkers should be studied in future to predict genetic predisposition in disease-free individuals.