Indiana University, United States.
Princeton University, United States.
Adv Life Course Res. 2020 Dec;46:100362. doi: 10.1016/j.alcr.2020.100362. Epub 2020 Aug 30.
Evidence of a strong negative correlation between adolescent academic performance and mortality points to the importance of not only cognitive, but also non-cognitive, skills in predicting survival. We integrated two bodies of research to evaluate expectations regarding the role of educational attainment and trajectories of employment and marriage experience in mediating relationships between high school class rank and longevity. In particular, we used data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study ( = 9,232) to fit parametric mortality models from age 55 to age 77. Multiple mediator models allowed for quantification of the degree to which the association between high school class rank and mortality is mediated by life trajectories and educational attainment. Our results show that high school class rank is a statistically significant and substantively meaningful predictor of survival beyond age 55 and that this relationship is partially, but not fully, mediated by trajectories of employment and marriage experience across the life course. Higher educational attainment also mediates a substantial part of the relationship, but to varying degrees for men and women.
青少年的学业成绩与死亡率之间存在很强的负相关关系，这表明，在预测生存方面，认知技能和非认知技能都很重要。我们整合了两方面的研究，评估了教育程度和就业轨迹以及婚姻经历在多大程度上可以调节高中班级排名和长寿之间关系的预期。特别是，我们使用了威斯康星纵向研究的数据（n=9232），从 55 岁拟合到 77 岁的参数化死亡率模型。多重中介模型可以量化高中班级排名与死亡率之间的关联在多大程度上被生活轨迹和教育程度所中介。我们的研究结果表明，高中班级排名是一个具有统计学意义和实质性意义的生存预测指标，超过 55 岁，并且这种关系部分，但不是完全，由整个生命周期的就业和婚姻经历轨迹所中介。更高的教育程度也在很大程度上调节了这种关系，但对男性和女性的调节程度不同。
