Sirdifield Coral, Brooker Charlie, Marples Rebecca
School of Health and Social Care, University of Lincoln, UK.
Centre for Sociology and Criminology, Royal Holloway, University of London, UK.
Forensic Sci Int Mind Law. 2020 Nov;1:100031. doi: 10.1016/j.fsiml.2020.100031.
A narrative systematic review was undertaken of the literature concerning the health of people on probation or parole (community supervision). In this paper, we provide an up-to-date summary of what is known about substance misuse in this context. This includes estimates of the prevalence and complexity of substance misuse in those under community supervision, and studies of the effectiveness of approaches to treating substance misuse and engaging and retaining this population in treatment. A total of 5125 papers were identified in the initial electronic searches, and after careful double-blind review only 31 papers related to this topic met our criteria. In addition, a further 15 background papers were identified which are reported. We conclude that internationally there is a high prevalence and complexity of substance misuse amongst people under community supervision. Despite clear benefits to individuals and the wider society through improved health, and reduced re-offending; it is still difficult to identify the most effective ways of improving health outcomes for this group in relation to substance misuse from the research literature. Further research and investment is needed to support evidence-based commissioning by providing a detailed and up-to-date profile of needs and the most effective ways of addressing them, and sufficient funds to ensure that appropriate treatment is available and its impact can be continually measured. Without this, it will be impossible to truly establish effective referral and treatment pathways providing continuity of care for individuals as they progress through, and exit, the criminal justice pathway.
我们对有关缓刑或假释（社区监管）人员健康状况的文献进行了叙述性系统综述。在本文中，我们提供了关于在此背景下药物滥用情况的最新总结。这包括对社区监管人员中药物滥用的患病率和复杂性的估计，以及对治疗药物滥用方法的有效性以及使该人群参与并持续接受治疗的研究。在初步电子检索中总共识别出5125篇论文，经过仔细的双盲评审，只有31篇与该主题相关的论文符合我们的标准。此外，还识别出另外15篇背景论文并进行了报告。我们得出结论，在国际上，社区监管人员中药物滥用的患病率很高且情况复杂。尽管通过改善健康状况和减少再次犯罪对个人和更广泛的社会有明显益处，但从研究文献中仍难以确定改善该群体药物滥用健康结果的最有效方法。需要进一步的研究和投资，通过提供详细且最新的需求概况以及满足这些需求的最有效方法，来支持基于证据的委托工作，并提供足够的资金以确保能够获得适当的治疗并持续衡量其影响。没有这些，就不可能真正建立有效的转诊和治疗途径，为个人在刑事司法流程中前进和离开时提供持续的护理。
