Department of Animal Science, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2021 Aug;13(4):1081-1092. doi: 10.1007/s12602-020-09737-5. Epub 2021 Jan 18.
This study evaluates the effects of probiotics and synbiotics on the performance, immune responses, and intestinal morphology, and the expression of immunity-related genes of broiler chicks challenged with Salmonella typhimurium. Three hundred and sixty broiler chicks were divided into six groups, including broiler chicks challenged and non-challenged with S. typhimurium and fed with probiotic, synbiotic, and basal diet without additive. Growth performance (food intake, daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and mortality), immune responses (antibody titer against sheep red blood cells, immunoglobulins G and M), intestinal morphology, lactic acid bacteria population, and the expression of immunity-related genes (interferon-γ, interleukins 6 and 12, and tumor necrosis factor-α) were investigated. The administration of S. typhimurium decreased growth performance (P = 0.0001), immune responses (P = 0.0001), intestinal morphology (P = 0.0001), lactic acid bacteria population (P = 0.0001), and the expression of immunity-related genes (P = 0.0001) of broiler chickens. However, broiler chicks fed with probiotic (P = 0.001) and synbiotic (P = 0.0001) showed better growth performance, immune responses, intestinal morphology, lactic acid bacteria population, and the expression of immunity-related genes in comparison with infected broiler chicks fed with basal diet lack of probiotic and synbiotic. Feeding probiotics (P = 0.001) and synbiotics (P = 0.0001) showed positive effects for challenged and non-challenged broiler chicks. In sum, feeding synbiotic and probiotic alleviated the negative effects of S. typhimurium on growth and immunity of broiler chicks. It can be suggested to apply synbiotic and probiotics as benefit additive against infectious challenges, such as S. typhimurium.
本研究评估了益生菌和合生菌对感染鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的肉鸡生长性能、免疫反应和肠道形态以及免疫相关基因表达的影响。将 360 只肉鸡分为 6 组，包括感染和未感染鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的肉鸡以及喂食益生菌、合生菌和基础日粮（无添加剂）的肉鸡。研究了生长性能（采食量、日增重、饲料转化率和死亡率）、免疫反应（抗绵羊红细胞抗体效价、免疫球蛋白 G 和 M）、肠道形态、乳酸菌数量以及免疫相关基因（干扰素-γ、白细胞介素 6 和 12、肿瘤坏死因子-α）的表达。感染鼠伤寒沙门氏菌降低了肉鸡的生长性能（P = 0.0001）、免疫反应（P = 0.0001）、肠道形态（P = 0.0001）、乳酸菌数量（P = 0.0001）和免疫相关基因的表达（P = 0.0001）。然而，与感染后喂食基础日粮缺乏益生菌和合生菌的肉鸡相比，喂食益生菌（P = 0.001）和合生菌（P = 0.0001）的肉鸡表现出更好的生长性能、免疫反应、肠道形态、乳酸菌数量和免疫相关基因的表达。饲喂益生菌（P = 0.001）和合生菌（P = 0.0001）对感染和未感染的肉鸡均有积极影响。总之，饲喂合生菌和益生菌缓解了鼠伤寒沙门氏菌对肉鸡生长和免疫的负面影响。因此，可以建议将合生菌和益生菌作为有益的添加剂应用于对抗感染，如鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。
