Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico.
Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2021 Mar 15;699:108763. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108763. Epub 2021 Jan 16.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding highly conserved RNA molecules that can act as master regulators of gene expression in a sequence-specific manner either by translation repression or mRNA degradation, influencing a wide range of biologic processes that are essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Chronic pediatric diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide among children and the recent evidence indicates that aberrant miRNA expression significantly contributes to the development of chronic pediatric diseases. This review focuses on the role of miRNAs in five major chronic pediatric diseases including bronchial asthma, congenital heart diseases, cystic fibrosis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and epilepsy, and their potential use as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of these disorders.
微小 RNA（miRNA）是小的非编码高度保守的 RNA 分子，可以通过翻译抑制或 mRNA 降解以序列特异性方式充当基因表达的主调控因子，影响广泛的生物学过程，这些过程对于维持细胞内稳态至关重要。慢性儿科疾病是全球儿童死亡的主要原因，最近的证据表明，miRNA 表达异常显著促进了慢性儿科疾病的发展。本综述重点介绍了 miRNA 在支气管哮喘、先天性心脏病、囊性纤维化、1 型糖尿病和癫痫这五种主要慢性儿科疾病中的作用，以及它们作为这些疾病诊断和预后的新型生物标志物的潜在用途。
