Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
NatProLab-Plant Innovation Lab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Queretaro 76130, Mexico.
Genes (Basel). 2023 Nov 13;14(11):2070. doi: 10.3390/genes14112070.
Obesity is a condition that is characterized by the presence of excessive adipose tissue in the body. Obesity has become one of the main health concerns worldwide since it can lead to other chronic ailments, such as type 2 diabetes or fatty liver disease, and it could be an aggravating factor in infections. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and can play an important role in controlling crucial biological processes involved in the onset of obesity, such as lipogenesis, adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, or the regulation of cytokines and chemokines. Moreover, chemical compounds present in food or food packaging can alter miRNA expression and regulate the aforementioned biological mechanisms related to diabetes onset and progression. Furthermore, therapies, such as bariatric surgery and aerobic exercise training, can also influence the expression profile of miRNAs in obesity. Therefore, the present review provides insight into the current research on the role of miRNAs in obesity and obesity-derived ailments, intending to develop novel therapies to effectively manage these disorders.
肥胖是一种以体内脂肪组织过多为特征的病症。肥胖已成为全球主要健康关注点之一，因为它可能导致其他慢性疾病，如 2 型糖尿病或脂肪肝疾病，并且可能是感染的加重因素。微小 RNA（miRNA）是一种小的、非编码的 RNA 分子，可调节基因表达，并在控制与肥胖发生相关的关键生物学过程中发挥重要作用，如脂肪生成、脂肪生成、脂质代谢或细胞因子和趋化因子的调节。此外，食物或食品包装中存在的化学化合物可以改变 miRNA 的表达并调节与糖尿病发病和进展相关的上述生物学机制。此外，治疗方法，如减重手术和有氧运动训练，也可以影响肥胖中 miRNA 的表达谱。因此，本综述提供了对 miRNA 在肥胖和肥胖相关疾病中的作用的当前研究的见解，旨在开发新的治疗方法来有效治疗这些疾病。
