Morneau-Vaillancourt Geneviève, Matte-Gagné Célia, Cheesman Rosa, Brendgen Mara, Vitaro Frank, Tremblay Richard, Dionne Ginette, Boivin Michel
Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Ecole de psychologie, Universite Laval.
Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London.
Dev Psychol. 2021 Mar;57(3):410-420. doi: 10.1037/dev0000961. Epub 2021 Jan 18.
The present study examined, within a longitudinal family-informed design and across middle childhood, the predictive associations between preference for solitude and social wariness, two forms of social withdrawal, and peer difficulties. Specifically, preference for solitude, rather than social wariness, was expected to predict peer victimization and rejection, two aspects of peer difficulties. A total of 1,014 children from the Quebec Newborn Twin Study were assessed by teachers and peers at ages 6, 7, and 10 years. Multilevel analyses conducted across three levels, between family, within family, and within person, revealed that preference for solitude, rather than social wariness, increased the risk for peer difficulties in terms of both peer victimization and peer rejection. Specifically, preference for solitude was systematically associated with peer rejection starting at age 6 years and became progressively associated with peer victimization over time. This pattern was found both between and within families. In addition, the predictive association with peer rejection was found within genetically identical, monozygotic twin pairs, suggesting that this predictive association existed after taking into account genetic vulnerabilities. Social wariness was systematically unrelated to peer difficulties. These findings suggest that preference for solitude, rather than social wariness, is a risk factor for peer difficulties. They underscore the relevance of distinguishing these dimensions of social withdrawal and illustrate the usefulness of a family-informed design to document the processes underlying childhood social adjustment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
本研究在纵向家庭知情设计中，对童年中期的两种社交退缩形式——对独处的偏好和社交警惕性，以及同伴关系困难之间的预测关联进行了考察。具体而言，预计对独处的偏好而非社交警惕性会预测同伴受害和被拒，这是同伴关系困难的两个方面。来自魁北克新生儿双胞胎研究的1014名儿童在6岁、7岁和10岁时接受了教师和同伴的评估。跨家庭、家庭内部和个体三个层面进行的多层次分析表明，对独处的偏好而非社交警惕性，在同伴受害和同伴被拒方面增加了同伴关系困难的风险。具体来说，对独处的偏好从6岁开始就与同伴被拒有系统关联，并且随着时间推移与同伴受害的关联逐渐增强。这种模式在家庭之间和家庭内部都被发现。此外，在基因相同的同卵双胞胎对中也发现了与同伴被拒的预测关联，这表明在考虑了遗传易感性之后，这种预测关联仍然存在。社交警惕性与同伴关系困难没有系统关联。这些发现表明，对独处的偏好而非社交警惕性是同伴关系困难的一个风险因素。它们强调了区分社交退缩的这些维度的相关性，并说明了家庭知情设计在记录儿童社会适应背后过程方面的有用性。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2021美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
