Chen Wan-Yi, Yan Lei, Yuan Yi-Ren, Zhu Xiao-Wei, Zhang Yan-Hong, Lian Shuai-Lei
College of Education and Sports Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2021 Dec 17;12:750511. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.750511. eCollection 2021.
With the increasing incidence of mobile phone addiction, the potential risk factors of mobile phone addiction have attracted more and more researchers' attention. Although various personality trait factors have been proven to be significant predictors of mobile phone addiction, limited attention has been paid to preference for solitude. Considering the adverse impacts of preference for solitude in the context of collectivistic societies and its possible negative effect on mobile phone addiction, this study was designed to examine the relationship between preference for solitude and mobile phone addiction, and to test the mediating role of psychological distress and the moderating role of mindfulness in this relationship. Data were collected through convenience sampling from a comprehensive university in China. A total of 927 Chinese college students (371 males and 556 females), aged from 16 to 24 ( = 19.89 years, = 1.22), participated in this study. Their preference for solitude, psychological distress, mindfulness, and mobile phone addiction were measured using well-validated self-report questionnaires. Correlational analyses, sobel test, SPSS macro PROCESS (Model 8) and simple slopes analyses were used for major data analysis. Results showed that preference for solitude was significantly and positively associated with mobile phone addiction, and this link could be mediated by psychological distress. Moreover, the indirect effect of psychological distress in this link was moderated by mindfulness, with this effect being stronger for college students with lower levels of mindfulness. However, mindfulness can not moderate the direct relation between preference for solitude and mobile phone addiction. The present study broadened our knowledge of how and when (or for whom) preference for solitude is related to mobile phone addiction. Education professionals and parents should pay special attention to the psychological distress and mobile phone addiction of college students with high levels of preference for solitude, particularly for those with lower levels of mindfulness.
随着手机成瘾发生率的不断上升，手机成瘾的潜在风险因素已引起越来越多研究者的关注。尽管各种人格特质因素已被证明是手机成瘾的重要预测因素，但对独处偏好的关注却有限。考虑到在集体主义社会背景下独处偏好的不利影响及其对手机成瘾可能产生的负面影响，本研究旨在探讨独处偏好与手机成瘾之间的关系，并检验心理困扰的中介作用以及正念在这种关系中的调节作用。通过便利抽样从中国一所综合性大学收集数据。共有927名中国大学生（371名男性和556名女性）参与了本研究，年龄在16至24岁之间（平均年龄=19.89岁，标准差=1.22）。使用经过充分验证的自陈问卷测量他们的独处偏好、心理困扰、正念和手机成瘾情况。相关分析、索贝尔检验、SPSS宏程序PROCESS（模型8）和简单斜率分析用于主要数据分析。结果表明，独处偏好与手机成瘾显著正相关，且这种联系可由心理困扰介导。此外，心理困扰在这种联系中的间接效应受到正念的调节，对于正念水平较低的大学生，这种效应更强。然而，正念并不能调节独处偏好与手机成瘾之间的直接关系。本研究拓宽了我们对独处偏好如何以及何时（或对谁）与手机成瘾相关的认识。教育工作者和家长应特别关注独处偏好水平较高的大学生的心理困扰和手机成瘾问题，尤其是那些正念水平较低的学生。
