Heil Jessica, Schulte Sarah, Büsch Dirk
Institute of Sport Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstraße 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2020 Dec 21;5(4):100. doi: 10.3390/jfmk5040100.
Dynamic postural control is challenged during many actions in sport such as when landing or cutting. A decrease of dynamic postural control is one possible risk factor for non-contact injuries. Moreover, these injuries mainly occur under loading conditions. Hence, to assess an athlete's injury risk properly, it is essential to know how dynamic postural control is influenced by physical load. Therefore, the study's objective was to examine the influence of maximal anaerobic load on dynamic postural control. Sixty-four sport students (32 males and 32 females, age: 24.11 ± 2.42, height: 175.53 ± 8.17 cm, weight: 67.16 ± 10.08 kg) were tested with the Y-Balance Test before and after a Wingate Anaerobic Test on a bicycle ergometer. In both legs, reach distances (anterior) and composite scores were statistically significantly reduced immediately after the loading protocol. The values almost returned to pre-load levels in about 20 min post-load. Overall, findings indicate an acute negative effect of load on dynamic postural control and a higher potential injury risk during a period of about 20 min post-load. To assess an athlete's sports-specific injury risk, we recommend testing dynamic postural control under loaded conditions.
在许多体育动作中，如落地或变向时，动态姿势控制都会受到挑战。动态姿势控制能力下降是导致非接触性损伤的一个潜在风险因素。此外，这些损伤主要发生在负荷状态下。因此，为了准确评估运动员的受伤风险，了解身体负荷如何影响动态姿势控制至关重要。因此，本研究的目的是探讨最大无氧负荷对动态姿势控制的影响。64名体育专业学生（32名男性和32名女性，年龄：24.11±2.42岁，身高：175.53±8.17厘米，体重：67.16±10.08千克）在自行车测力计上进行温盖特无氧测试前后，接受了Y平衡测试。在双腿中，负荷方案结束后，前伸距离（向前）和综合得分立即出现统计学显著下降。负荷后约20分钟，这些值几乎恢复到负荷前水平。总体而言，研究结果表明负荷对动态姿势控制有急性负面影响，且在负荷后约20分钟内受伤风险较高。为了评估运动员特定运动项目的受伤风险，我们建议在负荷条件下测试动态姿势控制。
