Scheid Jennifer L, Stefanik Morgan E
Health Promotion Department, Daemen College, Amherst, NY 14226, USA.
Athletic Training Department, Daemen College, Amherst, NY 14226, USA.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2019 Aug 1;4(3):52. doi: 10.3390/jfmk4030052.
The female athlete triad is the interrelation of low energy availability, menstrual dysfunction, and low bone mineral density. Previously, the components of the female athlete triad have been linked to bone stress injuries. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between drive for thinness, a proxy indicator of low energy availability, and musculoskeletal injuries. Fifty-seven female athletes, from an NCAA Division II college, were followed throughout their respective sport season for musculoskeletal injuries. Women were grouped based on a median split of the drive for thinness score (high drive for thinness (DT) vs. low DT). At the end of each sport season, injury data were compiled using an electronic medical record database. Forty-seven of the 57 women (82%) incurred 90 musculoskeletal injuries. The most prevalent injuries included: Low back pain/spasm/strain ( = 12), followed by shin splints/medial tibial stress syndrome ( = 9), general knee pain ( = 7), quadriceps strain ( = 6), and knee sprain (anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament, and lateral collateral ligament sprains; = 5). The number of in-season injuries in the High DT group (2.0 ± 0.3) was significantly higher than the Low DT group (1.2 ± 0.2, = 0.026). A high drive for thinness is associated with an increased number of injuries during the competitive season.
女性运动员三联征是指能量摄入不足、月经功能紊乱和骨矿物质密度低之间的相互关系。此前，女性运动员三联征的各个组成部分已被认为与应力性骨损伤有关。本研究的目的是探讨追求瘦身（能量摄入不足的一个替代指标）与肌肉骨骼损伤之间的关系。对来自美国国家大学体育协会（NCAA）二级学院的57名女运动员在其各自的运动赛季期间进行跟踪，观察肌肉骨骼损伤情况。根据追求瘦身得分的中位数划分将女性分组（高追求瘦身组（DT）与低DT组）。在每个运动赛季结束时，使用电子病历数据库收集损伤数据。57名女性中有47名（82%）发生了90次肌肉骨骼损伤。最常见的损伤包括：腰痛/痉挛/拉伤（=12），其次是胫前肌疼痛/内侧胫骨应力综合征（=9）、膝关节一般性疼痛（=7）、股四头肌拉伤（=6）和膝关节扭伤（前交叉韧带、后交叉韧带、内侧副韧带和外侧副韧带扭伤；=5）。高DT组的赛季内损伤次数（2.0±0.3）显著高于低DT组（1.2±0.2，=0.026）。追求瘦身程度高与竞技赛季期间的损伤数量增加有关。
