Paill Wolfgang, Koblmüller Stephan, Friess Thomas, Gereben-Krenn Barbara-Amina, Mairhuber Christian, Raupach Michael J, Zangl Lukas
Universalmuseum Joanneum, Studienzentrum Naturkunde, Weinzöttlstraße 16, 8045 Graz, Austria.
Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria.
Insects. 2021 Jan 19;12(1):84. doi: 10.3390/insects12010084.
The last ice age considerably influenced distribution patterns of extant species of plants and animals, with some of them now inhabiting disjunct areas in the subarctic/arctic and alpine regions. This arctic-alpine distribution is characteristic for many cold-adapted species with a limited dispersal ability and can be found in many invertebrate taxa, including ground beetles. The ground beetle Eschscholtz, 1823 of the subgenus was previously known to have a holarctic-circumpolar distribution, in Europe reaching its southern borders in Wales and southern Scandinavia. Here, we report the first findings of this species from the Austrian Ötztal Alps, representing also the southernmost edge of its currently known distribution, confirmed by the comparison of morphological characters to other species and DNA barcoding data. Molecular data revealed a separation of the Austrian and Finish specimens with limited to no gene flow at all. Furthermore, we present the first data on habitat preference and seasonality of in the Austrian Alps.
最后一个冰河时代对现存动植物物种的分布格局产生了重大影响，其中一些物种如今栖息在北极/亚北极和高山地区的分散区域。这种北极 - 高山分布是许多扩散能力有限的冷适应物种的特征，并且在包括步甲在内的许多无脊椎动物类群中都能发现。步甲属亚属的Eschscholtz步甲，1823年，此前已知具有全北区 - 环极分布，在欧洲其南部边界到达威尔士和斯堪的纳维亚半岛南部。在此，我们报告了该物种在奥地利奥茨塔尔阿尔卑斯山的首次发现，通过与其他物种的形态特征比较和DNA条形码数据证实，这也代表了其目前已知分布的最南端。分子数据显示奥地利和芬兰标本之间存在分离，基因流有限甚至完全没有。此外，我们还展示了奥地利阿尔卑斯山Eschscholtz步甲栖息地偏好和季节性的首批数据。
