PEDEGO Research Unit and MRC Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Dec;35(25):5210-5212. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1875444. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
Paracetamol is a commonly used pain medication for the very-high risk neonates and it is increasingly being used for patent ductus arteriosus treatment in preterm infants. However, randomized trial data on long-term consequences are not yet available, but there is some evidence of serious adverse effects on children exposed to paracetamol during pregnancy.
A five-year follow-up study of a placebo-controlled paracetamol trial on very preterm infants (PreParaS) was conducted ( = 48). Using a web-based parental questionnaire, parents answered questions about their children's cardiac and respiratory symptoms, allergies, neurodevelopment, infections, medications and hospitalizations.
Most parents reported that their child had normal development (paracetamol 79% vs. placebo 65%). Physician-diagnosed asthma or allergy (paracetamol 10.5% vs. placebo 25.0%), or hospitalization due to respiratory symptoms (0 vs. 15%) were uncommon and neurological or neuro-psychiatric symptoms were rare.
Current follow-up results on paracetamol-exposed very preterm infants may not be alarming suggesting that paracetamol administration shortly after birth is not associated with common adverse consequences.
对极早产儿而言，扑热息痛是一种常用的止痛药物，并且它也越来越多地被用于治疗早产儿动脉导管未闭。然而，关于长期后果的随机试验数据尚不可用，但有一些证据表明，在怀孕期间接触扑热息痛的儿童会出现严重的不良影响。
对一项安慰剂对照的扑热息痛试验（PreParaS）进行了为期 5 年的随访研究（n=48）。使用基于网络的家长调查问卷，家长回答了有关孩子心脏和呼吸症状、过敏、神经发育、感染、用药和住院情况的问题。
大多数家长报告说他们的孩子发育正常（扑热息痛组 79% vs. 安慰剂组 65%）。医生诊断的哮喘或过敏（扑热息痛组 10.5% vs. 安慰剂组 25.0%）或因呼吸症状住院（0 比 15%）并不常见，神经或神经精神症状也很少见。
目前对暴露于扑热息痛的极早产儿的随访结果并不令人担忧，这表明出生后短期使用扑热息痛与常见不良后果无关。
