加纳护士和助产士对参与国家政策制定、审查及改革的看法：一项定性研究
Nurses' and midwives' perspectives on participation in national policy development, review and reforms in Ghana: a qualitative study.
作者信息
Acheampong Angela Kwartemaa, Ohene Lillian Akorfa, Asante Isabella Naana Akyaa, Kyei Josephine, Dzansi Gladys, Adjei Charles Ampong, Adjorlolo Samuel, Boateng Francis, Woolley Philomena, Nyante Felix, Aziato Lydia
机构信息
School of Nursing, Wisconsin International University College-Ghana, P.O Box LG, Accra, Ghana.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Legon P. O Box LG 43, Accra, Ghana.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2021 Jan 22;20(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s12912-021-00545-y.
BACKGROUND
The World Health Organization has admonished member countries to strive towards achieving universal health coverage (UHC) through actionable health policies and strategies. Nurses and midwives have instrumental roles in achieving UHC via health policy development and implementation. However, there is a paucity of empirical data on nurses and midwives' participation in policy development in Ghana. The current study explored nurses and midwives' participation in policy development, reviews and reforms in Ghana.
METHODS
A qualitative descriptive exploratory design was adopted for this study. One-on-one individual interviews were conducted after 30 participants were purposefully selected. Data was audiotaped with permission, transcribed and analyzed inductively using the content analysis procedures.
RESULTS
Two main themes emerged from the data: participation in policy development and perspectives on policy reviews and reforms. The findings showed that during health policy development and reviews, nurses in Ghana were overlooked and unacknowledged. Policy reforms regarding bridging the pre-service preparation gap, staff development and motivation mechanisms and influence on admission into nursing schools were raised.
CONCLUSION
The authors concluded that nurses and midwives are crucial members of the healthcare systems and their inputs in policy development and reviews would improve health delivery in Ghana.
背景
世界卫生组织已告诫成员国努力通过可行的卫生政策和战略实现全民健康覆盖（UHC）。护士和助产士在通过卫生政策制定和实施来实现全民健康覆盖方面发挥着重要作用。然而，关于加纳护士和助产士参与政策制定的实证数据匮乏。本研究探讨了加纳护士和助产士参与政策制定、审查和改革的情况。
方法
本研究采用定性描述性探索性设计。在有目的地挑选了30名参与者后，进行了一对一的个人访谈。经许可对数据进行了录音，转录并使用内容分析程序进行归纳分析。
结果
数据中出现了两个主要主题：参与政策制定以及对政策审查和改革的看法。研究结果表明，在卫生政策制定和审查过程中，加纳的护士被忽视且未得到认可。提出了关于弥合岗前培训、人员发展和激励机制以及对护理学校招生影响方面的政策改革。
结论
作者得出结论，护士和助产士是医疗保健系统的关键成员，他们在政策制定和审查中的投入将改善加纳的医疗服务提供。
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