Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 21;11(1):1895. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81384-4.
Formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are associated with diabetes mellitus, contributes to prominent features of osteoarthritis, i.e., inflammation-mediated destruction of articular cartilage. Among the phytochemicals which play a role in anti-inflammatory effects, anthocyanins have also been demonstrated to have anti-diabetic properties. Purple corn is a source of three major anthocyanins: cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and peonidin-3-O-glucoside. Purple corn anthocyanins have been demonstrated to be involved in the reduction of diabetes-associated inflammation, suggesting that they may have a beneficial effect on diabetes-mediated inflammation of cartilage. This investigation of the chondroprotective effects of purple corn extract on cartilage degradation found a reduction in glycosaminoglycans released from AGEs induced cartilage explants, corresponding with diminishing of uronic acid loss of the cartilage matrix. Investigation of the molecular mechanisms in human articular chondrocytes showed the anti-inflammatory effect of purple corn anthocyanins and the metabolite, protocatechuic acid (PCA) on AGEs induced human articular chondrocytes via inactivation of the NFκb and MAPK signaling pathways. This finding suggests that purple corn anthocyanins and PCA may help ameliorate AGEs mediated inflammation and diabetes-mediated cartilage degradation.
晚期糖基化终产物（AGEs）的形成与糖尿病有关，是骨关节炎的主要特征之一，即炎症介导的关节软骨破坏。在具有抗炎作用的植物化学物质中，花色苷也已被证明具有抗糖尿病作用。紫玉米是三种主要花色苷的来源：矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、天竺葵素-3-O-葡萄糖苷和芍药素-3-O-葡萄糖苷。紫玉米花色苷已被证明参与了与糖尿病相关的炎症的减少，这表明它们可能对糖尿病介导的软骨炎症有有益的影响。本研究探讨了紫玉米提取物对软骨降解的软骨保护作用，发现从 AGEs 诱导的软骨外植体释放的糖胺聚糖减少，与软骨基质中尿嘧啶酸损失减少相对应。对人关节软骨细胞的分子机制的研究表明，紫玉米花色苷及其代谢产物原儿茶酸（PCA）通过抑制 NFκb 和 MAPK 信号通路对 AGEs 诱导的人关节软骨细胞具有抗炎作用。这一发现表明，紫玉米花色苷和 PCA 可能有助于改善 AGEs 介导的炎症和糖尿病介导的软骨降解。
