Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea.
Mol Neurobiol. 2021 Jun;58(6):2608-2619. doi: 10.1007/s12035-021-02297-x. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that affects more than 30 million people worldwide. Despite growing knowledge of AD pathophysiology, a complete understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underpinning AD is lacking, and there is currently no cure for AD. Extant literature suggests that AD is a polygenic and multifactorial disease underscored by complex and dynamic pathogenic mechanisms. Despite extensive research and clinical trials, there has been a dearth of novel drugs for AD treatment on the market since memantine in 2003. This lack of therapeutic success has directed the entire research community to approach the disease from a different angle. In this review, we discuss growing evidence for the close link between altered glucose metabolism and AD pathogenesis by exploring how genetic risk factors for AD are associated with dysfunctional glucose metabolism. We also discuss modification of genes responsible for metabolic pathways implicated in AD pathology.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种破坏性的神经退行性疾病，影响着全球超过 3000 万人。尽管对 AD 病理生理学的了解不断增加，但对 AD 发病机制的基础仍缺乏全面的理解，目前尚无治愈 AD 的方法。现有文献表明，AD 是一种多基因和多因素疾病，其发病机制复杂且动态。尽管进行了广泛的研究和临床试验，但自 2003 年美金刚胺上市以来，AD 治疗的新药市场一直匮乏。这种治疗上的失败促使整个研究界从不同的角度来研究这种疾病。在这篇综述中，我们通过探讨 AD 的遗传风险因素如何与葡萄糖代谢功能障碍相关，讨论了改变与 AD 病理学相关的代谢途径的基因。我们还讨论了与葡萄糖代谢改变相关的基因的修饰。
