Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Feb;28(8):9029-9049. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-12357-3. Epub 2021 Jan 22.
An increasing number of studies examined the potential effects of ambient particulate matter (PM: PM and PM-PMs with diameters not greater than 2.5 and 10 μm, respectively) pollution on the risk of depression and suicide; however, the results have been inconclusive. This study aimed to determine the overall relationship between PM exposure and depression/suicide based on current evidence. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of current available studies. Thirty articles (20 for depression and 10 for suicide) with data from 1,447,313 participants were included in the meta-analysis. For a 10 μg/m increase in short-term exposure to PM, we found a 2% (p < 0.001) increased the risk of depression and a 2% (p = 0.001) increased risk of suicide. A 10 μg/m increase in long-term exposure to PM was associated with a more apparent increase of 18% (p = 0.005) in depression risk. In addition, a 10 μg/m increase in short-term exposure to PM was associated with a 2% (p = 0.003) increase in depression risk and a 1% (p = 0.002) increase in suicide risk. Subgroup analyses showed that associations between PM and depression were more apparent in people over 65 years and from developed regions. Besides, the study design and study quality might also have an impact on their associations. The meta-analysis found that an increase in ambient PM concentration was strongly associated with an increased risk of depression and suicide, and the associations for depression appeared stronger for smaller particles (PM) and at a long-term time pattern.
越来越多的研究探讨了环境颗粒物（PM：分别直径不大于 2.5 和 10μm 的 PM 和 PM-PM）污染对抑郁和自杀风险的潜在影响；然而，结果尚无定论。本研究旨在根据现有证据确定 PM 暴露与抑郁/自杀之间的总体关系。我们对现有研究进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。荟萃分析纳入了 30 篇文章（20 篇关于抑郁，10 篇关于自杀），数据来自 1447313 名参与者。对于短期暴露于 PM 增加 10μg/m，我们发现抑郁风险增加 2%（p<0.001），自杀风险增加 2%（p=0.001）。长期暴露于 PM 增加 10μg/m 与抑郁风险增加 18%（p=0.005）更为明显相关。此外，短期暴露于 PM 增加 10μg/m 与抑郁风险增加 2%（p=0.003）和自杀风险增加 1%（p=0.002）相关。亚组分析表明，PM 与抑郁之间的关联在 65 岁以上和来自发达地区的人群中更为明显。此外，研究设计和研究质量也可能对其相关性产生影响。荟萃分析发现，环境 PM 浓度的增加与抑郁和自杀风险的增加密切相关，并且对于较小的颗粒（PM）和长期时间模式，抑郁的相关性更强。
