Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
School of Philosophy, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Jan 22;21(1):101. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-05775-8.
Echinococcosis is considered a neglected zoonotic disease and has been a major worldwide public health problem. Although it is known that health literacy is closely related to health behaviours and health outcomes, few studies have paid attention to echinococcosis related health literacy. This study aims to examine the association between echinococcosis-specific health literacy (ES-HL) and behavioural intention to prevent echinococcosis (BIPE) among herdsmen on the Tibet Plateauin in China.
A cross-sectional study of 401 Tibetan herdsmen was conducted in Gande county of Qinghai Province, China. Participants were recruited from August to September 2018 and from February to March 2019. A self-developed questionnaire was used to measure demographic information, ES-HL and BIPE. Hierarchical regression analysis was done to identify the factors associated with BIPE.
In the hierarchical regression analysis, we entered age, sex, education level, marital state and family monthly income per capita into model 1 which explained a significant amount of variance in BIPE (Adjusted R change = 0.029, P = 0.006). Sex (β = - 0.125, P = 0.013) and family monthly income per capita (β = - 0.133, P = 0.009) were found to be associated with BIPE. Subsequently, the three factors of ES-HL were added to Model 1 to create Model 2. In Model 2, the two factors of ES-HL, perceived echinococcosis information support (β = 0.229, P < 0.001) and echinococcosis-specific self-management ability (β = 0.252, P < 0.001), were significantly associated with BIPE, while the information acquisition and evaluation ability factor (β =0.093, P = 0.089) was not found to be associated with BIPE. The model improved significantly when ES-HL was included (Model 2) explaining the 25.8% of variance of BIPE (Adjust R change =0.229, P < 0.001).
ES-HL is an important predictor of whether individuals take preventive actions against echinococcosis. An ES-HL promotion action project should be developed targeting specific populations to enhance the prevention of echinococcosis.
包虫病被认为是一种被忽视的人畜共患疾病，一直是全球主要的公共卫生问题。尽管已知健康素养与健康行为和健康结果密切相关，但很少有研究关注包虫病相关的健康素养。本研究旨在探讨中国青藏高原牧民的包虫病特异性健康素养（ES-HL）与预防包虫病行为意向（BIPE）之间的关系。
采用横断面研究方法，于 2018 年 8 月至 9 月和 2019 年 2 月至 3 月在青海省甘德县招募 401 名藏族牧民作为研究对象。采用自设问卷，调查牧民的人口统计学信息、ES-HL 和 BIPE。采用分层回归分析确定与 BIPE 相关的因素。
在分层回归分析中，我们将年龄、性别、教育程度、婚姻状况和家庭人均月收入纳入模型 1，该模型解释了 BIPE 的显著差异（调整后的 R 变化=0.029，P=0.006）。性别（β=-0.125，P=0.013）和家庭人均月收入（β=-0.133，P=0.009）与 BIPE 相关。随后，将 ES-HL 的三个因素添加到模型 1 中构建模型 2。在模型 2 中，ES-HL 的两个因素，即感知包虫病信息支持（β=0.229，P<0.001）和包虫病特异性自我管理能力（β=0.252，P<0.001）与 BIPE 显著相关，而信息获取和评价能力因素（β=0.093，P=0.089）与 BIPE 不相关。当纳入 ES-HL 时，模型显著改善（模型 2），解释了 BIPE 变异的 25.8%（调整后的 R 变化=0.229，P<0.001）。
ES-HL 是个体是否采取预防包虫病措施的重要预测因素。应针对特定人群制定 ES-HL 促进行动计划，以加强包虫病的预防。
