Center of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Park, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Park, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Park, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
Center of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Park, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Park, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Apr;136:111280. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111280. Epub 2021 Jan 20.
Ginseng has been widely applied in clinical practice, but the cultivation age cannot be ignored as it influences the quality of ginseng and its products. In this work, different cultivation ages of fresh ginseng (FG) from four to seven years were analysed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Principal component analysis and supervised orthogonal partial least squared discrimination analysis, which belong to the normal method of multivariate statistical analysis, were applied to discover the characteristic components of FG at different cultivation ages. The components of new type of red ginseng (NRG) derived from FG at different cultivation ages were compared by HPLC analysis. The pharmacological anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by ELISA and qPCR. The result showed that the characteristic components of both 6- and 7-year-old ginseng were ginsenoside Rb1, mal-ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rc, mal-ginsenoside Rc, mal-ginsenoside Rb1 isomer, and mal-ginsenoside Rb2. Moreover, the characteristic components of both 4- and 5-year-old ginseng were ADP-glucose and 3-hydroxyhexanoyl CoA. In addition, 6-year-old NRG has higher rare ginsenosides than 4-year-old NRG, which possesses great anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. The results reveal the ginsenoside transformation law of NRG processing and suggest that the cultivation age of FG influences the content of ginsenosides in NRG. Therefore, 6-year-old ginseng is more suitable for red ginseng processing and clinical use.
人参在临床实践中得到了广泛应用，但栽培年限不容忽视，因为它会影响人参及其产品的质量。本工作采用 UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS 对 4 至 7 年生鲜人参(FG)进行了分析。主成分分析和有监督正交偏最小二乘判别分析属于多元统计分析的常规方法，用于发现不同栽培年限 FG 的特征成分。通过 HPLC 分析比较了不同栽培年限 FG 衍生的新型红参（NRG）的成分。通过 ELISA 和 qPCR 评估了药理抗炎活性。结果表明，6 年和 7 年生人参的特征成分为人参皂苷 Rb1、麦芽-人参皂苷 Rb1、人参皂苷 Rc、麦芽-人参皂苷 Rc、麦芽-人参皂苷 Rb1 异构体和麦芽-人参皂苷 Rb2。此外，4 年和 5 年生人参的特征成分为 ADP-葡萄糖和 3-羟基己酰辅酶 A。此外，6 年生 NRG 比 4 年生 NRG 含有更多的罕见人参皂苷，具有很强的体外抗炎活性。结果揭示了 NRG 加工过程中人参皂苷的转化规律，并表明 FG 的栽培年限影响 NRG 中人参皂苷的含量。因此，6 年生人参更适合红参加工和临床应用。
