Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Trends Genet. 2021 Jun;37(6):566-581. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.12.005. Epub 2021 Jan 20.
Complex mechanisms are in place to maintain genome stability. Ubiquitination of chromatin plays a central role in these mechanisms. The ever-growing complexity of the ubiquitin (Ub) code and of chromatin modifications and dynamics challenges our ability to fully understand how histone ubiquitination regulates genome stability. Here we review the current knowledge on specific, low-abundant histone ubiquitination events that are highly regulated within the cellular DNA damage response (DDR), with particular emphasis on the latest discovery of Ub phosphorylation as a novel regulator of the DDR signaling pathway. We discuss players involved and potential implications of histone (phospho)ubiquitination on chromatin structure, and we highlight exciting open questions for future research.
复杂的机制被用来维持基因组的稳定性。组蛋白的泛素化在这些机制中起着核心作用。泛素（Ub）编码和染色质修饰及动态的不断增加的复杂性，挑战了我们全面理解组蛋白泛素化如何调节基因组稳定性的能力。在这里，我们回顾了特定的、低丰度的组蛋白泛素化事件的最新知识，这些事件在细胞 DNA 损伤反应（DDR）中受到高度调控，特别强调了 Ub 磷酸化作为 DDR 信号通路的新调节因子的最新发现。我们讨论了涉及的参与者以及组蛋白（磷酸）泛素化对染色质结构的潜在影响，并强调了未来研究中令人兴奋的开放性问题。
