Hamid Naima, Junaid Muhammad, Wang Yan, Pu Shi-Ya, Jia Pan-Pan, Pei De-Sheng
Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Jan 11;273:116494. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116494.
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have been widely distributed and posed ecotoxicological risks in the aquatic environment. This study aims to evaluate the toxic effects after chronic exposure to PPCPs mixture at the environment relevant concentrations (ERCs). Our results indicated that PPCPs induced serious metabolic effects by disturbing the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism pathways. Chronic exposure caused a significant reduction in the hepatosomatic index (HSI), the gut weight ratios, and histological alterations in liver and gut tissues. Further, exposure to the combined PPCPs disrupted the carbohydrate metabolism via significant upregulation of hk1, gk, pck1, and insr genes. The lipid metabolism was affected with higher ppars expression levels that increased the fatty acid β-oxidation and ultimately decreased the lipidogenesis. Moreover, the altered responses of the insulin growth factor (IGF) pathway more in male gut tissue than that of female revealed sex-dependent disturbance in the gut homeostasis induced by PPCPs mixture. In conclusion, chronic exposure to PPCPs mixtures at ERCs can induce developmental effects and metabolic dysfunction in both male and female fish. The consumption and environmental disposal of these PPCPs should be regulated to ensure ecological health and environmental safety.
药品和个人护理产品（PPCPs）已在水环境中广泛分布并带来生态毒理学风险。本研究旨在评估在环境相关浓度（ERCs）下长期暴露于PPCPs混合物后的毒性效应。我们的结果表明，PPCPs通过干扰碳水化合物和脂质代谢途径诱导了严重的代谢效应。长期暴露导致肝体指数（HSI）、肠道重量比显著降低，以及肝脏和肠道组织的组织学改变。此外，暴露于组合的PPCPs通过hk1、gk、pck1和insr基因的显著上调扰乱了碳水化合物代谢。脂质代谢受到影响，ppars表达水平升高，增加了脂肪酸β-氧化并最终降低了脂质生成。此外，胰岛素生长因子（IGF）途径在雄性肠道组织中的反应变化比雌性更多，这表明PPCPs混合物诱导的肠道内稳态存在性别依赖性干扰。总之，在ERCs下长期暴露于PPCPs混合物可在雄性和雌性鱼类中诱导发育效应和代谢功能障碍。应规范这些PPCPs的消费和环境处置，以确保生态健康和环境安全。
