Department of Nutrition, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, Para-Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021 Feb;41:42-48. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.12.006. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Although several clinical trials have assessed the effect of Resistant Starch (RS) supplementation on appetite, the results have been inconsistent. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of RS on the healthy adults' rating of appetite.
To this end, Pubmed, CENTRAL, Web of science, Scopus, Medline, and Proquest were systematically searched to find the relevant randomized, and placebo-controlled human trials up to June 2019. As a result, the area under curve (AUC) and standard deviations of the participants' rating appetite were extracted from four eligible studies.
Meta-analysis showed a lower appetite in RS group compared to the controls (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -1.375 mm min, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: -1.673, -1.076). Since high heterogeneity was observed among the included studies (I = 94.5%, P < 0.001), subgroup analysis was carried out by RS dose, RS type, duration of supplementation, and time of AUC measuring. In studies that used RS dose of ≥25 gr, heterogeneity disappeared (P = 0.560, I = 0%). In such studies, a significant reduction was observed in rating of appetite (WMD = -4.513 mm min, 95%CI: -5.270, -3.755; P < 0.001) than studies with RS dose of <25 gr (WMD = -0.799 mm min, 95%CI: -1.123,-0.474; P < 0.001). Additionally, subgroup analysis based on the type of RS showed a significant decrease of appetite in studies that used RS2 (WMD = -4.808 mm min, 95%CI: -5.834, -3.782; P < 0.001) than RS1 (WMD = -0.128 mm min, 95%CI: -0.457, 0.202; P = 0.448).
To decrease the rate of appetite more effectively, we suggest other researchers to identify RS dose and type.
尽管有几项临床试验评估了抗性淀粉（RS）补充剂对食欲的影响，但结果并不一致。因此，本研究旨在评估 RS 对健康成年人食欲评价的影响。
为此，我们系统地检索了 Pubmed、CENTRAL、Web of science、Scopus、Medline 和 Proquest，以查找截至 2019 年 6 月的相关随机、安慰剂对照的人体试验。结果，从四项合格研究中提取了参与者评价食欲的曲线下面积（AUC）和标准差。
Meta 分析显示，RS 组的食欲低于对照组（加权均数差值 [WMD] = -1.375mm min，95%置信区间 [95%CI]：-1.673，-1.076）。由于纳入的研究存在高度异质性（I = 94.5%，P < 0.001），因此按 RS 剂量、RS 类型、补充持续时间和 AUC 测量时间进行了亚组分析。在使用 RS 剂量≥25g 的研究中，异质性消失（P = 0.560，I = 0%）。在这些研究中，食欲评价显著降低（WMD = -4.513mm min，95%CI：-5.270，-3.755；P < 0.001），而 RS 剂量 < 25g 的研究则无显著降低（WMD = -0.799mm min，95%CI：-1.123，-0.474；P < 0.001）。此外，基于 RS 类型的亚组分析显示，使用 RS2 的研究中食欲显著下降（WMD = -4.808mm min，95%CI：-5.834，-3.782；P < 0.001），而使用 RS1 的研究则无显著下降（WMD = -0.128mm min，95%CI：-0.457，0.202；P = 0.448）。
为了更有效地降低食欲，我们建议其他研究人员确定 RS 剂量和类型。
