J Acad Nutr Diet. 2020 Jun;120(6):1034-1041. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.01.017. Epub 2020 Apr 9.
Type 2 resistant starch (RS2) has been shown to improve metabolic health outcomes and may increase satiety and suppress appetite and food intake in humans.
This study assessed whether 12 weeks of daily RS2 supplementation could influence appetite perception, food intake, and appetite-related gut hormones in adults with prediabetes, relative to the control (CTL) group.
The study was a randomized controlled trial and analysis of secondary study end points.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Sixty-eight adults (body mass index ≥27) aged 35 to 75 years with prediabetes were enrolled in the study at Pennington Biomedical Research Center (2012 to 2016). Fifty-nine subjects were included in the analysis.
Participants were randomized to consume 45 g/day of high-amylose maize (RS2) or an isocaloric amount of the rapidly digestible starch amylopectin (CTL) for 12 weeks.
Subjective appetite measures were assessed via visual analogue scale and the Eating Inventory; appetite-related gut hormones (glucagon-like peptide 1, peptide YY, and ghrelin) were measured during a standard mixed-meal test; and energy and macronutrient intake were assessed by a laboratory food intake (buffet) test, the Remote Food Photography Method, and SmartIntake app.
Data were analyzed using linear mixed models, adjusting for treatment group and time as fixed effects, with a significance level of α=.05.
RS2 had no effect on subjective measures of appetite, as assessed by visual analogue scale (P>0.05) and the Eating Inventory (P≥0.24), relative to the CTL group. There were no effects of RS2 supplementation on appetite-related gut hormones, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (P=0.61), peptide YY (P=0.34), and both total (P=0.26) and active (P=0.47) ghrelin compared with the CTL. RS2 had no effect on total energy (P=0.30), carbohydrate (P=0.11), protein (P=0.64), or fat (P=0.37) consumption in response to a buffet meal test, relative to the CTL. In addition, total energy (P=0.40), carbohydrate (P=0.15), protein (P=0.46), and fat (P=0.53) intake, as quantified by the Remote Food Photography Method, were also unaffected by RS2, relative to the CTL.
RS2 supplementation did not increase satiety or reduce appetite and food intake in adults with prediabetes.
2 型抗性淀粉（RS2）已被证明可以改善代谢健康状况，并且可能会增加饱腹感，抑制食欲并减少人类的食物摄入量。
本研究评估了在患有前驱糖尿病的成年人中，与对照组（CTL）相比，每天补充 12 周 RS2 是否会影响食欲感知，食物摄入和与食欲相关的肠道激素。
这是一项随机对照试验和次要研究终点的分析。
参与者/设置：68 名年龄在 35 至 75 岁之间的 BMI≥27 的成年人患有前驱糖尿病，在彭宁顿生物医学研究中心（2012 年至 2016 年）参加了这项研究。有 59 名受试者被纳入分析。
参与者被随机分配每天食用 45 克高直链玉米淀粉（RS2）或等热量的快速消化淀粉支链淀粉（CTL），持续 12 周。
通过视觉模拟量表和饮食问卷评估主观食欲；在标准混合餐测试中测量与食欲相关的肠道激素（胰高血糖素样肽 1、肽 YY 和胃饥饿素）；通过实验室食物摄入量（自助餐）测试、远程食物摄影方法和 SmartIntake 应用程序评估能量和宏量营养素的摄入量。
使用线性混合模型进行数据分析，调整处理组和时间作为固定效应，显著性水平为α=0.05。
与 CTL 组相比，RS2 对视觉模拟量表（P>0.05）和饮食问卷（P≥0.24）评估的食欲的主观测量均无影响。RS2 补充剂对与食欲相关的肠道激素没有影响，包括胰高血糖素样肽 1（P=0.61）、肽 YY（P=0.34）以及总（P=0.26）和活性（P=0.47）胃饥饿素与 CTL 相比。与 CTL 相比，RS2 对自助餐测试的总能量（P=0.30）、碳水化合物（P=0.11）、蛋白质（P=0.64）或脂肪（P=0.37）的消耗没有影响。此外，通过远程食物摄影方法定量的总能量（P=0.40）、碳水化合物（P=0.15）、蛋白质（P=0.46）和脂肪（P=0.53）的摄入量也不受 RS2 的影响，与 CTL 相比。
RS2 补充剂并未增加患有前驱糖尿病成年人的饱腹感或减少食欲和食物摄入量。
