Lesnak Joseph B, Sluka Kathleen A
Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Pain Rep. 2020 Sep 23;5(5):e850. doi: 10.1097/PR9.0000000000000850. eCollection 2020 Sep-Oct.
Physical activity has become a first-line treatment in rehabilitation settings for individuals with chronic pain. However, research has only recently begun to elucidate the mechanisms of exercise-induced analgesia. Through the study of animal models, exercise has been shown to induce changes in the brain, spinal cord, immune system, and at the site of injury to prevent and reduce pain. Animal models have also explored beneficial effects of exercise through different modes of exercise including running, swimming, and resistance training. This review will discuss the central and peripheral mechanisms of exercise-induced analgesia through different modes, intensity, and duration of exercise as well as clinical applications of exercise with suggestions for future research directions.
体育活动已成为慢性疼痛患者康复治疗的一线疗法。然而，相关研究直到最近才开始阐明运动诱导镇痛的机制。通过对动物模型的研究，运动已被证明可在大脑、脊髓、免疫系统以及损伤部位引发变化，从而预防和减轻疼痛。动物模型还通过包括跑步、游泳和抗阻训练在内的不同运动方式探究了运动的有益效果。本综述将讨论不同运动方式、强度和持续时间的运动诱导镇痛的中枢和外周机制，以及运动的临床应用，并对未来的研究方向提出建议。
