School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia.
Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2021 Apr;30(2):574-582. doi: 10.1111/inm.12836. Epub 2021 Jan 24.
This discursive paper aims to clarify what roles mental health nurses identify as being within their scope of practice in clinical settings. It also aims to highlight any consumer benefits arising from these roles. Role theory and its relationship with identity are critically discussed as a framework to explain how contemporary mental health nursing roles are poorly understood and undervalued within mental health services. In order to meet the aims of the paper literature written in the last five years by clinical mental health nurses reporting their roles, and outcomes of those roles were searched. This literature was then considered through the lens of social constructionism that premises truths are accessed and then constructed though relationship based language. Six core mental health nursing roles were identified across international settings. The MHN is a psychotherapist. The MHN is a consumer advocate. The MHN is a physical health therapist. The MHN is a psycho-pharmacological therapist. The MHN is a relationship focussed therapist and finally the MHN is an aggression management therapist. While European and American nurses reported consumer benefit emerging from these roles those from Australia and the United Kingdom did not. The roles reported on were largely instrumental ones that offered little clarity towards the identity of our profession, nor its worth to consumers or funders of services. Mental health nurses will only have their true breadth of clinical capabilities recognized where there is a consistent construction emerging from clinicians in clinical settings on the efficacy of their clinical work.
这篇漫谈性论文旨在阐明精神科护士在临床环境中认为自己的实践范围包括哪些角色，以及这些角色能为患者带来哪些益处。本文将批判性地讨论角色理论及其与身份认同的关系，以此作为一种解释框架，说明为什么在精神卫生服务中，当代精神科护理角色被严重误解和低估。为了实现论文的目标，检索了过去五年中临床精神科护士报告其角色及其角色结果的文献。然后，通过社会建构主义的视角来考虑这些文献，前提是通过基于关系的语言来获取和构建真理。在国际环境中确定了六个核心精神科护理角色。精神科护士是心理治疗师。精神科护士是消费者权益维护者。精神科护士是身心健康治疗师。精神科护士是精神药理学治疗师。精神科护士是注重关系的治疗师，最后是精神科护士是攻击性行为管理治疗师。尽管欧洲和美国的护士报告说，这些角色为患者带来了益处，但来自澳大利亚和英国的护士则没有。报告的角色主要是工具性的，这些角色并没有为我们的专业身份提供清晰的认识，也没有为消费者或服务提供者带来价值。只有当临床医生在临床环境中就其临床工作的效果持续形成一致的观点时，精神科护士的真正广泛的临床能力才会得到认可。
