Hepp Tobias, Marquart Pia, Jauck Christoph, Gefeller Olaf
Institut für Medizininformatik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Erlangen, Deutschland.
Lehrstuhl für Mensch-Computer-Interaktion, Otto-Friedrich-Universitat Bamberg, Bamberg, Deutschland.
Gesundheitswesen. 2021 Mar;83(3):166-172. doi: 10.1055/a-1341-1575. Epub 2021 Jan 25.
The lockdown measures imposed in Germany starting in mid-March had a significant impact on public life. While the avoidance of social contacts was possible in many areas, the responsibility to provide themselves with food was placed in the hands of private households.
To investigate whether and to what extent the restrictions led to changes regarding visits to supermarkets using cars.
Data were available on the parking movements on 136 parking spaces of supermarkets in Germany between the beginning of February and the end of May. The analyses focused on changes in the total number of parking events per day and slot as well as their duration.
Regarding the parking events, there was a clear reduction until the end of April, interrupted by an increase around Easter. After the introduction of mandatory masking, the values recovered to just below the level before lockdown. The duration changed relatively slightly. Initially it decreased, but later rose slightly above the level observed before the restrictions. Over the medium term, there was a slight reduction of parking events and an extension of their duration by a little more than 5%. Discussion Despite the explicit exclusion of food purchases from the lockdown measures, a dynamic adaptation behaviour of the population to the changing circumstances is also evident in this context. In terms of parking movements, a lasting effect on shopping behaviour seems unlikely.
德国从3月中旬开始实施的封锁措施对公共生活产生了重大影响。虽然在许多领域可以避免社交接触，但获取食物的责任落在了私人家庭手中。
调查这些限制措施是否以及在多大程度上导致了驾车前往超市购物的变化。
有德国2月上旬至5月底期间136个超市停车位停车情况的数据。分析重点是每天每个车位停车事件总数及其持续时间的变化。
在停车事件方面，到4月底之前明显减少，复活节前后有所增加，打断了减少趋势。强制戴口罩措施实施后，数值回升至略低于封锁前的水平。持续时间变化相对较小。起初有所下降，但后来略高于限制措施实施前观察到的水平。从中期来看，停车事件略有减少，持续时间延长了5%多一点。讨论 尽管封锁措施明确排除了食品采购，但在这种情况下，民众对不断变化的情况也表现出了动态适应行为。就停车情况而言，对购物行为似乎不太可能产生持久影响。
