Burratti Luca, Ciotta Erica, De Matteis Fabio, Prosposito Paolo
Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM) CNR Tor Vergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 Jan 21;11(2):276. doi: 10.3390/nano11020276.
Heavy metal ions and pesticides are extremely dangerous for human health and environment and an accurate detection is an essential step to monitor their levels in water. The standard and most used methods for detecting these pollutants are sophisticated and expensive analytical techniques. However, recent technological advancements have allowed the development of alternative techniques based on optical properties of noble metal nanomaterials, which provide many advantages such as ultrasensitive detection, fast turnover, simple protocols, in situ sampling, on-site capability and reduced cost. This paper provides a review of the most common photo-physical effects impact on the fluorescence of metal nanomaterials and how these processes can be exploited for the detection of pollutant species. The final aim is to provide readers with an updated guide on fluorescent metallic nano-systems used as optical sensors of heavy metal ions and pesticides in water.
重金属离子和农药对人类健康和环境极其危险，准确检测是监测其在水中含量的关键步骤。检测这些污染物的标准且最常用的方法是复杂且昂贵的分析技术。然而，最近的技术进步使得基于贵金属纳米材料光学特性的替代技术得以发展，这些技术具有许多优点，如超灵敏检测、快速周转、操作简单、原位采样、现场检测能力和成本降低。本文综述了影响金属纳米材料荧光的最常见光物理效应，以及如何利用这些过程检测污染物。最终目的是为读者提供一份关于用作水中重金属离子和农药光学传感器的荧光金属纳米系统的最新指南。
