Ramezankhani Azra, Hosseini-Esfahani Firoozeh, Mirmiran Parvin, Azizi Fereidoun, Hadaegh Farzad
Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Transl Med. 2021 Jan 25;19(1):44. doi: 10.1186/s12967-021-02704-w.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association of dietary patterns with incident hypertension.
MATERIALS/METHODS: This prospective study was conducted on 4793 individuals of Tehran lipid and glucose study participants, aged ≥ 18 years who were followed for a median of 6.3 years from 2008-2011 to 2016-2018. A valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess usual dietary intakes. Anthropometrics and blood pressure were assessed at baseline and during follow up examinations. Dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis (PCA). Healthy eating index (HEI) and dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) score were measured based on dietary recommendations. Time-dependent Cox models adjusting for confounders were used to examine the association between dietary patterns and the risk of hypertension.
During follow-up, a total of 727 incident cases of hypertension were identified. The mean ± SD age at baseline was 40.3 ± 13.5 and 37.9 ± 12.1 years in men and women, respectively. Two dietary patterns (the healthy and unhealthy) were extracted by PCA. Compared with participants in the first quartile, a 23% (HR: 1.23; 95%CI 1.00-1.53; P trend: 0.056) increased risk of hypertension was found in the fourth quartile of HEI score. This association was disappeared after further adjustment for confounders. Increasing DASH score, the healthy and unhealthy dietary pattern were not associated with risk of hypertension.
Our findings showed that higher adherences to the posteriori- and priori-dietary patterns were not associated with risk of hypertension in this population.
本研究旨在调查饮食模式与高血压发病之间的关联。
材料/方法：这项前瞻性研究对德黑兰血脂与血糖研究的4793名参与者进行，这些参与者年龄≥18岁，从2008年至2011年到2016年至2018年进行了为期6.3年的中位随访。使用有效且可靠的半定量食物频率问卷来评估日常饮食摄入量。在基线和随访检查时评估人体测量指标和血压。使用主成分分析（PCA）得出饮食模式。根据饮食建议测量健康饮食指数（HEI）和终止高血压饮食方法（DASH）得分。使用调整混杂因素的时间依赖性Cox模型来研究饮食模式与高血压风险之间的关联。
在随访期间，共确定了727例高血压发病病例。男性和女性基线时的平均±标准差年龄分别为40.3±13.5岁和37.9±12.1岁。通过PCA提取了两种饮食模式（健康和不健康）。与第一四分位数的参与者相比，在HEI得分的第四四分位数中发现高血压风险增加了23%（HR：1.23；95%CI 1.00 - 1.53；P趋势：0.056）。在进一步调整混杂因素后，这种关联消失。DASH得分增加时，健康和不健康饮食模式与高血压风险无关。
我们的研究结果表明，在该人群中，对后验和先验饮食模式的更高依从性与高血压风险无关。
