Department of Gerontological Home Care and Long-Term Care Nursing, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo113-0033, Japan.
Department of Community and Gerontological Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga. Jln. Mulyorejo, East Java 60115, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Br J Nutr. 2021 Nov 28;126(10):1537-1548. doi: 10.1017/S0007114521000271. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
Intakes of excess Na and insufficient K are two major contributors of heart diseases and stroke development. However, no precise study has previously been carried out on Na and K intakes among Indonesian adults. The present study aimed to estimate the Na and K intakes using two consecutive 24-h urine collections. Participants were community-dwelling adults aged between 20 and 96 years, randomly selected from a pool of resident registration numbers. Of the 506 participants, 479 (240 men and 239 women) completed urine collections. The mean Na excretion was 102·8 and 100·6 mmol/d, while the mean K excretion was 25·0 and 23·4 mmol/d for men and women, respectively. Na and K excretions were higher in participants with a higher BMI. A higher K excretion was associated only with younger age. More than 80 % of the participants consumed more than 5 g/d of salt (the upper limit recommended by the Indonesian government), whereas none of them consumed more than 3510 mg/d of K (the lower limit). The high Na and low K intakes, especially high Na among participants with high BMI, should be considered when future intervention programmes are planned in this country.
摄入过量的钠和不足的钾是导致心脏病和中风的两个主要因素。然而，以前并没有针对印度尼西亚成年人的钠和钾摄入量进行过精确的研究。本研究旨在通过两次连续的 24 小时尿液收集来估计钠和钾的摄入量。参与者为年龄在 20 至 96 岁之间的社区居民，从居民登记号码库中随机抽取。在 506 名参与者中，有 479 名（240 名男性和 239 名女性）完成了尿液收集。男性和女性的平均钠排泄量分别为 102.8 和 100.6mmol/d，而平均钾排泄量分别为 25.0 和 23.4mmol/d。体重指数较高的参与者的钠和钾排泄量较高。只有年龄较小与较高的钾排泄量相关。超过 80%的参与者每天摄入的盐超过 5 克（印度尼西亚政府推荐的上限），但没有人每天摄入超过 3510 毫克的钾（下限）。在这个国家计划未来的干预项目时，应该考虑到高钠和低钾的摄入，尤其是高 BMI 参与者中的高钠摄入。
