School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).
Guangdong Provincial Research Center of Traffic Accident Identification Engineering Technology, Center of Forensic Science Southern Medical University, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).
Med Sci Monit. 2021 Jan 26;27:e929212. doi: 10.12659/MSM.929212.
BACKGROUND Sudden death from ischemic heart disease while driving is an important cause of traffic accidents. This study discusses causes of traffic accidents in relation to risk factors for acute myocardial infarction such as hypertension and overwork and provides references for the early prevention and regulation of drivers' health conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data on 21 cases of sudden death by ischemic heart disease while driving from January 2015 to December 2019 were collected. Age, symptoms, and cardiac pathological changes of patients were summarized by systematic anatomical and medical history data. RESULTS Patients were 21 men with an average age of 47±7.27 years (most aged 40 to 60 years), and the average weight of their hearts was 439.45±76.3 g. Twelve patients had a history of hypertension, 8 had previous myocardial infarction, and 4 had fatty liver. All had at least 1 severe narrowing of a major coronary artery. Twelve patients died within a short period; 9 died more than 12 h after myocardial infarction onset. Ten patients had worked more than 80 h of overtime per month, 4 patients, more than 45 h, and 7 patients, less than 45 h. CONCLUSIONS Regular physical examination and information about ischemic heart disease should be emphasized for men aged 40 to 60 years who drive frequently, especially for those with hypertension, overwork, or previous myocardial infarction. Incorporating objective evaluation criteria for the severity of ischemic heart disease and overwork into health condition-related driving regulations is needed.
缺血性心脏病导致的驾驶中猝死是引发交通事故的重要原因。本研究探讨了与高血压和过度劳累等急性心肌梗死危险因素相关的交通事故原因，为驾驶员健康状况的早期预防和规范提供参考。
收集了 2015 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月期间 21 例因缺血性心脏病驾驶中猝死的病例数据。通过系统解剖学和医学史数据总结患者的年龄、症状和心脏病理变化。
患者均为男性，共 21 例，平均年龄为 47±7.27 岁（年龄多为 40 至 60 岁），心脏平均重量为 439.45±76.3g。12 例患者有高血压病史，8 例有既往心肌梗死史，4 例有脂肪肝。所有患者至少有 1 条主要冠状动脉严重狭窄。12 例患者在短时间内死亡；9 例在心肌梗死发作后超过 12 小时死亡。10 例患者每月加班超过 80 小时，4 例超过 45 小时，7 例少于 45 小时。
对于年龄在 40 至 60 岁之间、经常开车的男性，尤其是有高血压、过度劳累或既往心肌梗死的男性，应强调定期进行体检和缺血性心脏病相关信息。有必要将缺血性心脏病严重程度和过度劳累的客观评估标准纳入与健康状况相关的驾驶法规中。
