University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
Support Care Cancer. 2021 Aug;29(8):4641-4649. doi: 10.1007/s00520-021-05990-8. Epub 2021 Jan 25.
To qualitatively explore exercise barriers and facilitators experienced by rural female cancer survivors from the program interventionist and recipient perspective for the purpose of enhancing exercise program implementation and uptake in rural settings.
A descriptive qualitative study design was utilized. Focus groups were conducted prior to implementation of an evidence-based exercise program by a rural non-research cancer clinical site. Nineteen rural female cancer survivors (mean age = 61.7 ± 10.9 years) and 11 potential interventionists (mean age = 42.3 ± 15.3 years) completed focus groups (stratified by participant role). Focus groups were audio recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis with NVivo 11.
Cancer survivors identified 12 barrier themes (cancer specific adverse effects, lack of support, lack of knowledge, perceived negative aspects of exercise, cost, lack of resources, motivation, inconvenience, lack of program flexibility, time, weather, safety) and eight facilitator themes (knowledge, ease of access, resources, awareness, cost, options, organized, fun) related to exercise. Interventionists identified seven barrier themes (cost, transportation, lack of cancer survivor and interventionist knowledge, fear, motivation, lack of support, lack of resources) and four facilitator themes (resources, support, knowledge, motivation). Narratives revealed differing role-specific perspectives on shared themes between survivors and interventionists as well as potential implementation strategies for enhancing exercise participation and exercise program uptake among rural female cancer survivors.
Exploring multi-level stakeholder perspectives on cancer survivors' exercise needs and related strategies yields important information for organizations to consider when implementing exercise programs in rural contexts.
从项目干预者和接受者的角度，定性探讨农村女性癌症幸存者在实施基于证据的锻炼计划时所经历的锻炼障碍和促进因素，旨在增强农村环境中锻炼计划的实施和参与度。
采用描述性定性研究设计。在一个农村非研究性癌症临床站点实施基于证据的锻炼计划之前进行了焦点小组讨论。19 名农村女性癌症幸存者（平均年龄=61.7±10.9 岁）和 11 名潜在干预者（平均年龄=42.3±15.3 岁）完成了焦点小组讨论（按参与者角色分层）。使用 NVivo11 对焦点小组进行录音、转录、编码和分析，采用归纳主题分析。
癌症幸存者确定了 12 个障碍主题（癌症特有的不良反应、缺乏支持、缺乏知识、对运动的负面看法、费用、缺乏资源、动机、不便、缺乏计划灵活性、时间、天气、安全）和 8 个促进主题（知识、易于获得、资源、意识、成本、选择、组织、乐趣）与运动相关。干预者确定了 7 个障碍主题（费用、交通、缺乏癌症幸存者和干预者知识、恐惧、动机、缺乏支持、缺乏资源）和 4 个促进主题（资源、支持、知识、动机）。叙述揭示了幸存者和干预者之间共享主题的不同角色特定观点，以及增强农村女性癌症幸存者参与运动和锻炼计划的潜在实施策略。
探讨多层次利益相关者对癌症幸存者锻炼需求的观点以及相关策略，为组织在农村环境中实施锻炼计划时提供了重要信息。
