Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
School of Dentistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
Odontology. 2021 Jul;109(3):649-660. doi: 10.1007/s10266-020-00587-9. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
To evaluate implant loss (IL) and marginal bone loss (MBL); follow-up period of up to 10 years after prosthetic loading. Retrospective multi-centre cross-sectional cohort study. Double analysis: (1) all the implants (n = 456) were analysed; (2) to allow for possible cluster error, one implant per patient (n = 143) was selected randomly. Statistical analysis: Spearman's correlation coefficient; Kruskal-Wallis (post-hoc U-Mann-Whitney); Chi-square (post-hoc Haberman). (1) Analysing all the implants (456): IL was observed in patients with past periodontitis (6 vs. 2.2%, p < 0.05), short implants (12 vs. 2.8%, p < 0.001) and when using regenerative surgery (11.3 vs. 2.9%, p < 0.001); greater MBL was observed among smokers (0.39 ± 0.52 vs. 0.2 ± 0.29, p < 0.01), maxillary implants (0.28 ± 0.37 vs. 0.1 ± 0.17, p < 0.0001), anterior region implants (0.32 ± 0.36 vs. 0.21 ± 0.33, p < 0.001), external connection implants (0.2 ± 0.29 vs. 0.63 ± 0.59, p < 0.0001), and 2-3 years after loading (p < 0.0001). (2) analysing the cluster (143): IL was observed in smokers (18.8 vs. 3.5%, p < 0.05), splinted fixed crowns (12.9%, p < 0.01), short implants (22.2 vs. 4.0%, p < 0.01) and when using regenerative surgery (19.2 vs. 3.4%, p < 0.01); greater MBL was observed in maxillary implants (0.25 ± 0.35 vs. 0.11 ± 0.18, p < 0.05), in the anterior region (p < 0.05), in the first 3 years (p < 0.01), in external connection implants (0.72 ± 0.71 vs. 0.19 ± 0.26, p < 0.01) and in short implants (0.38 ± 0.31 vs. 0.2 ± 0.32, p < 0.05). There is greater risk in smokers, patients with past periodontal disease, external connection implants, the use of short implants and when regenerative techniques are used. To prevent MBL and IL, implantologists should be very meticulous in indicating implants in patients affected by these host factors.
评估种植体失败（implant loss，IL）和边缘骨丧失（marginal bone loss，MBL）；在修复体负重后长达 10 年的随访期内进行评估。方法：回顾性多中心交叉队列研究。双重分析：（1）分析所有种植体（n=456）；（2）为了允许可能的群集误差，从每位患者中随机选择一个种植体（n=143）。统计分析：Spearman 相关系数；Kruskal-Wallis（事后 U-Mann-Whitney）；卡方（事后 Haberman）。结果：（1）分析所有种植体（456）：患有牙周炎的患者发生 IL（6%比 2.2%，p<0.05）、短种植体（12%比 2.8%，p<0.001）和使用再生手术（11.3%比 2.9%，p<0.001）；吸烟者出现更大的 MBL（0.39±0.52 比 0.2±0.29，p<0.01）、上颌种植体（0.28±0.37 比 0.1±0.17，p<0.0001）、前牙区种植体（0.32±0.36 比 0.21±0.33，p<0.001）、外连接种植体（0.2±0.29 比 0.63±0.59，p<0.0001）和负重后 2-3 年（p<0.0001）。（2）分析聚类（143）：吸烟者发生 IL（18.8%比 3.5%，p<0.05）、固定桥修复（12.9%，p<0.01）、短种植体（22.2%比 4.0%，p<0.01）和使用再生手术（19.2%比 3.4%，p<0.01）；上颌种植体（0.25±0.35 比 0.11±0.18，p<0.05）、前牙区（p<0.05）、前 3 年（p<0.01）、外连接种植体（0.72±0.71 比 0.19±0.26，p<0.01）和短种植体（0.38±0.31 比 0.2±0.32，p<0.05）中 MBL 更大。吸烟者、患有牙周炎病史、外连接种植体、使用短种植体和使用再生技术的患者发生种植体失败的风险更大。为了预防 MBL 和 IL，种植体医生在为受这些宿主因素影响的患者进行种植体植入时应非常谨慎。
